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For 1990 you have two speed sensors. The rear one on the differential is only for the RABS so even though I suspect its the same as the 92 up VSS (I think starmilt confirmed this once actually through the course of a rear axle swap), its only an ABS sensor for 91 and older. The forward sensor on the bottom end of the speedometer cable is for the cruise control and automatic transmission reference (if equipped).
I looked and the speedo cable is tight on the trany end, it must be loose under the dash.
What do I take apart to get to it and what could I have broken?
The oil pressure gauge is not working. Where is the sending unit for it?
You will see a cable comming in either through the floor right next to the firewall seam or in through the firewall. If all thats happened is the cable came loose from the back of the cluster, you should be able to lay down with on the floor mat under the dash and reach up with your hand inside the dash from underneath to try and push the cable in all the way. Wiggle sideways a little as you try and press it in.
If that doesn't do it, then you might be better off trying to pull the cluster assembly and service it that way.
There is a small plastic clip that retains the cable in the back of the speedometer. To install, it should just snap in. To remove, there is a little trick to it:
Forgot to answer the sending unit question. Its located at the back of the engine behind the intake manifold. Its the only thing there that has a single wire coming out of it.