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As mentioned, it's probably a bad seal around the top posts which allows acid to seep up.
Try those felt washers impregnated with NOCO NCP-2, that's the sticky red goop, around the terminal posts. They work great but are a bit hard to find (easier to order them online these days).
I will tell you something very interesting, I tried it myself after reading about it.
Lay a penny on top of your battery between the posts. You will be very surprised how the current will run across the top of the battery case and corrode the penny instead of the post. There is plenty of moisture on top of the battery case to provide a current path. Clean the posts, lay the penny on there and look at it again in a few days.
I was quite surprised.
I will tell you something very interesting, I tried it myself after reading about it.
Lay a penny on top of your battery between the posts. You will be very surprised how the current will run across the top of the battery case and corrode the penny instead of the post. There is plenty of moisture on top of the battery case to provide a current path. Clean the posts, lay the penny on there and look at it again in a few days.
I was quite surprised.
What you are describing is not normal (albeit common). If the battery is in good condition and the charging system voltage is not overly high, the top of the battery should stay free of electrolyte.
Batteries that are at or nearing end of life and develop a high internal resistance, tend to boil and spit a lot of electrolyte out. Overcharging does the same thing.
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