Troubleshooting a No-Start condition
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Troubleshooting a No-Start condition
FIRST - if you need help, we need information! Before beginning a thread on needing help. Read the thread linked below. It will help us help you:
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/1...g-process.html
Second - get to know the 6.0L (skip this part if you are familiar with the 6.0L engine, terminology, engine sensors, and location of components):
2003.25 coffee table book (6.0L bible):
http://www.powerstrokediesel.com/docs/EF_456.pdf
2004 coffee table book (6.0L bible):
https://www.ford-trucks.com/ford-man...ble%20Book.pdf
2005 coffee table book (6.0L bible):
https://www.ford-trucks.com/ford-man...ble%20Book.pdf
2005 running changes - update
https://www.ford-trucks.com/ford-man...s%20Update.pdf
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.
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Now, on to the NO-START troubleshooting ---- first some links to checklists and videos, then explanation:
https://www.motor.com/wp-content/upl...t_NoStart1.pdf
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Now , ********** NO-START TROUBLESHOOTING ******* How to implement some of what you have seen and read above:
Diesel technology: you need fuel, air, and compression (heat). In addition, the modern diesels need a number of electrical and electronic things to be satisfied before the fueling command will be given. To get fuel, you will need proper base engine oil flow and pressure and sufficient high pressure oil flow and pressure.
MAKE SURE THAT:
One of the first things to do is to get a scan tool of some sort. A ScanGaugeII is a common purchase, but at $120 it is old technology and doesn't read codes very well. An Edge CTS2 is nice, but it is expensive (and may not read EBP and IAT accurately). The best value is found in a phone app - either TorquePro or ForScan Lite. ForScan Lite is a far better code reader, but I like the Torque Pro interface better. Either app is only a few dollars, but you also need to purchase an ELM327 OBDII adapter. iOS phones require a WiFi adapter ...... Bluetooth adapter for Android. I like the BAFX brand adapter. That brand seems to be very reliable.
With the a good scan tool, FIRST check for codes and use it to pull data mentioned in the text below. Remember the ScangaugeII is not a good code reader. The Torque Pro is ok, but definitely not as thorough as ForScan.
Usually, in order for the engine to start, with your scan tool, you look for (cranking values):
Cam/Crank sync (sync=1)
FICM sync (the FICM is the Fuel Injection Control Module) (sync=1)
FICM MPower
FICM LPower
FICM VPower
Commanded Fuel Pulse Width, FPW (to ensure that the fueling command is given)
note: FPW is also called "Injector Pulse Width"
ICP pressure of 500 psig minimum
ICP sensor voltage output
IPR % Duty Cycle
Cranking speed of 150 rpm minimum (PC/ED states 100 rpm minimum, but functionally it is 150 rpm)
Acceptable system voltage (typically over 10.5 volts cranking with the glow plugs on)
V-reference voltage (5 volts +/- .5)
NOTE:
Injectors need to be working properly so that they will actuate with the electrical signal sent to them from the FICM (and they need sufficient high pressure oil pressure to actually push down the intensifier piston that pushes down the injector plunger). Some common issues with them are electrical issues at the connector, sticking spool valves (stiction), or damaged plungers.
NOTE - if you suspect an injector is dumping fuel - DON'T DRIVE IT. It can ruin your engine. You will see a LOT of black smoke, or white smoke, that will smell like unburned fuel, and you might even hear some loud "clunking" with the engine running. You can start investigation by cranking the engine w/ the starter solenoid wire jumpered to the passenger battery positive terminal. You are listening for uneven cranks. If you have uneven cranking, you should probably consider a borescope inspection or a compression check. Codes will probably point you to the proper cylinder! There will be a video link later to show you how to crank w/ the starter solenoid wire/
REPEAT ADVICE: I ALWAYS advise people to manually charge each battery separately and also to load test them separately when beginning to troubleshoot a no-start. Low voltage can cause quite a few problems, can interfere with good data, and can actually be the cause of the no-start.
Troubleshooting a NO-START (see items 4 and 5 for a "no-crank"):
1. Pull diagnostic trouble codes (DTC's) if you can (you can have codes without a Check Engine Light). Verify that you have both cam/crank sync and FICM sync when cranking.
2. If manual, clutch pedal fully pressed?
3. Battery connections (all including grounds) - all good? Alternator cable connections good?
4. Automatic transmission shift lever fully in PARK or NEUTRAL? Try restarting while slightly moving the gearshift lever.
5. Starter relay connections - all good, replace relay?
NOTE - if you are not getting any crank at all there are a few things to try:
https://cimg2.ibsrv.net/gimg/www.for...4f576a8117.jpg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rIu...ature=youtu.be
6. Glow plug connectors making good connection? No check engine light (CEL). Glow plugs are usually good at throwing a code and setting the CEL.
7. Is the starter engaging? Verify starter & ignition switch are working properly.
8. Load test BOTH batteries individually & check the charging system (alternator). PCM needs to see 100 rpm minimum to start, but functionally it needs to be at 150 rpm minimum.
9. Fusible links and fuses OK? The FICM relay is labeled IDM Relay #304. Check it specifically.
10. Could a factory or aftermarket anti-theft device be causing the problem (Passive Active Theft System - PATS)? Disconnect it if possible. Same w/ a remote start system.
11. Push the reset on the emergency fuel cut-off switch.
12. Any oil pressure registering on the dash pressure gauge (low pressure system)? If not, it could be a bad oil pump (LPOP), a oil filter drain valve stuck open, or a bad oil pressure regulator. You should register oil pressure on the dash gauge in a long crank/ no start condition when the complete oil system is known to be sealed.
13. Check PCM & FICM connections - any wire chaffing? Any Injector harness chaffing? Any ICP or IPR harness chaffing? More detail below.
14. Verify that oil level is correct and the proper oil and filter have been installed. Oil foaming and loss of viscosity (too thick or fuel diluted) can be an issue. Check oil level for fuel dilution, inspect oil condition, maybe even change oil and filter. Definitely make sure you filled w/ the proper oil. Fuel dilution from a leaky injector will show up as an overfull oil level, so low oil level AND high oil level can contribute to a no-start! MAKE SURE THAT YOU ARE USING AN OEM OIL FILTER CAP AND AN OEM OIL FILTER. The tall aftermarket oil filter cap (when used with a short OEM type filter) will not depress (close) the oil filter housing drain valve. IT WILL CAUSE A NO-START!
Also - aftermarket filter quality in general can be a problem!
15. Verify that the air filter is not plugged - Check the filter minder, you may even want to pull the air filter and inspect.
16. Inspect the ICP sensor & harness. Is it oil soaked? Disconnect the ICP & try again (the engine will start with it disconnected if a bad ICP sensor is causing the no-start). The PCM will establish a default control scheme that would allow the truck to start if the problem were the ICP sensor. Afterwards, make sure the harness is re-installed securely. Just be aware that trying to start w/ the ICP unplugged will throw a code that some might confuse with an actual BAD ICP sensor.
17. Change both fuel filters, inspect appearance of the fuel when draining the water separator (you could just have bad fuel). While the secondary fuel filter is out, verify that the fuel pump will quickly fill the secondary fuel filter bowl with the key on. If so, replace the filter, re-install the cap, and make sure that the air is purged on start-up (follow the proper KOEO cycling procedure before cranking).
18. If you can, verify the fuel pressure (test port is at the base of the secondary fuel filter). Must be over 45 psig (I MUCH prefer 50 psig as the minimum)!
19. If you have no fuel flow or low pressure, it could be a bad pump (HFCM), OR it could be a plugged fuel filter / plugged lines. You can blow air through the lines to check for plugging. If there is no plugging, test the pump. First, pull fuse 302 (PCM) and relay 304 (FICM) and then pull the secondary (upper) fuel filter, remove any fuel, and then verify that it is being filled by cranking the engine. As it is being filled, make sure there are no air bubbles. If there are, you have a leak in some connections, the HFCM suction line, or the HFCM o-ring (most likely). Be sure to lube the o-ring w/ oil before re-installing.
TO CHECK FOR SUCTION LINE PLUGGING:
The fuel pump vacuum test is referred to as an ""inlet restriction test"". This will test from the pump to the tank for a restriction. A reading that of more than 6"" H2O vacuum is very bad. 6"" is the max limit. The normal reading is between 2"" and 0"" of H2O.
To do this test you would need to ""T"" a vacuum gauge in between the back of the pump and the line coming into it. If you have a high reading there, then move the T to the tank at the outlet line. If the restriction is still present at the tank, then the problem is in the tank. If there is no restriction at this point, then the issue would be with the supply line to the pump."
20. Pull the oil filter top and crank it while you watch to see if any oil is flowing into the filter housing. If not then it is a LPO problem. Take a long extension and hold down the drain valve at the bottom of the oil filter housing (round black thing held up by a spring). Crank the engine. The housing should fill within about 3-4 seconds. Without the drain valve depressed, the bowl should fill in 8-10 seconds of cranking. NOTE - it is best to crank w/ the starter solenoid wire jumpered to the passenger battery positive terminal. Ask about this if you do not know how to do it! If the oil filter housing doesn't fill, check the low pressure oil pressure regulator (12mm allen socket):
21. If possible, verify high pressure oil pressure (ICP sensor) - must be over 500 psig to fire the injectors. See link below.
22. Pull EGR valve and inspect. Clean if dirty. Check the strength of the spring. Consider replacing it - just because. Also clean the MAP sensor hose and the EBP tube. These may cause surging and hard start, but a long shot for a no-start.
23. Remember - If the oil temp is reporting over 131 *F, the glow plugs will not be turned on (and this can cause a no-start or a hard-start), and the black connector is for the EVEN number GP's and the green is for the ODD GP's.
Glow Plug itself:
The glow plug wire harnesses have quick disconnects at top side of valve covers and you could disconnect them and conduct ohm readings of each individual glow plug, as well as test for any open circuits. The resistance in each glow plug - should be less than 1 ohm.
Checking current draw w/ Inductive ammeter:
Troubleshoot the glow plug system (you need a clamp on inductive ammeter for this method). Test each glow plug module wire bundle separately, then test each glow plug. Look for any amperages lower on one side or lower to an individual glow plug. From each module you should see 200 A at first dropping quickly to 35-37 A if the GPCM is OK. Both modules should read apprx. the same. Each glow plug will draw 8-10 A. Also, to check the harness, disconnect the four wire connector (the one with the red lock tab). Using an ohm meter set to OHMs (preferably one that auto ranges), connect the red lead to each of the four female cavities with the black lead connected to your driver side battery ground terminal. Each of the four terminals should give you between 0.5 and 2 ohms readings.
PCM to GPCM:
You can also check for input, continuity and any shorts between the 2 input feeds from the PCM to the GPCM 'green' connector: The PCM provides input to GPCM thru PCM pin#'s 3(GPE) and 17(GPD) of the PCM J1-C2 connector to the GPCM 'green' connector pin#'s 8 and 9. So, to recap:
PCM #3 goes to GPCM green #8 and PCM #17 goes to GPCM green connector #9.
GPCM to Glow plugs:
Both plugs on the Glow Plug Control Module have leads that supply the amps/power to all the glow plugs (pin #'s 1,2,6 & 7 of both GPCM connectors feed to each bank of GP's). Both GPCM plugs have a #10 black wire with orange strip/tracer. These are the main 'power' wires coming from the passenger battery. They actually tie together with "fuseable links" to a #6 red battery cable to the passenger battery. You can clamp your amp meter over the red cable and see the total amp draw going to the GPCM with KOEO. You can also verify the GPCM is receiving B+ voltage at pin #9 (small dia. solid red color lead) of black connector on GPCM. It should have B+ voltage with KOEO(Key On Engine Off).
24. Carry out the KOEO Injector Electrical Self-Test (Click Test) & the bubble test.
25. Check the Crank (CKP) and Cam (CMP) sensor wiring harnesses.
26. Check the FICM voltage - MPower, LPower, VPower with your scan tool (see post #27 below).
Wire Chaffing Locations:
.
http://www.thedieselgarage.com/forum...ad.php?t=58336
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...ical-problems/
Note - some links below are no longer valid, SORRY.
FICM and ICP harness recall:
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...ss-shorting-1/
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...ss-shorting-2/
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/artic...-failures-r32/
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...harness-chafe/
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...tower-chafing/
Just recieved a recall letter. Anybody else - TheDieselGarage.com
mms://multimedia.ford.com/seopts/Tech12_250k.wmv
SORRY - the link above may not work!
https://www.ford-trucks.com/ford-man...re_chafing.pdf
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/a...1&d=1603984294
ONE OF THE MOST COMMON CAUSES OF A 6.0L "NO-START WHEN HOT" IS A LEAK IN THE HIGH PRESSURE OIL SYSTEM. THE BEST WAY TO IDENTIFY THIS IS TO POST THE CRANKING ICP SENSOR PRESSURE, THE ICP VOLTAGE, AND THE IPR % DUTY CYCLE. IT IS BEST TO RETRIEVE THIS DATA WHEN YOU ARE GETTING THE NO-START (ie when hot). MORE ON THIS BELOW. A BAD HPOP can also cause this, but the 03, 04, and 04.5 HPOPs are the most common ones to have issues. The 05 and up HPOP's do not fail nearly as often. Unfortunately the "wavy high pressure oil rails" came out in 04.5. For 04.6 model year and up, the dummy plugs and standpipes are prone to leakage. The HPOP discharge fitting was changed in 05 (along w/ the style of HPOP). THE HPOP was a BIG improvement, but the discharge "STC fitting" is a common source of leaks in the 05 and up high pressure oil system.
TROUBLESHOOT THE HPO PRESSURE SYSTEM:
(see post #16 below for multiple links)
TROUBLESHOOT THE HPOP:
https://www.powerstroke.org/threads/...-hpop.1377267/
Determining if the ICP sensor is seeing 500 psig minimum (see post #23 in link below):
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/8...not-start.html
IPR valve removal socket:
If possible, you can pull the ICP & install a pressure gauge to check the pressure in the “high pressure oil system”. Crank the engine & watch the pressure. You need 500 psig to start. The fitting needed for this is the same as that for the fuel pressure test port. IMO, a better way to air test is to remove the IPR valve and air test from the IPR opening. This takes the IPR out of the leak testing equation. You can test the IPR valve itself at a later time. Tool to air test from the IPR valve opening:
Here is another way of checking to see if you have sufficient high pressure oil without having a gauge or adapter. Strip back the wires about an inch away from the icp sensor connector. Obtain a digital multimeter and set it for voltage (DC). The bn-wh wire is a five volt reference, leave that alone. Strip back the db-lg signal wire and the gy-rd ground wire. Put positive lead on a dark blue-light green wire and negative lead on gray-red wire. Have an assistant crank truck, you need a minimum of 0.80 volts (500 psi) for the truck to start, if you are getting greater than that then you have sufficient high pressure oil.
When you can't develop the needed high pressure oil pressure (assuming your ICP sensor is reading accurately), your issue is ALWAYS ONE of the following:
1. leak
2. a bad IPR (plugged, not working mechanically not working electrically)
3. A bad HPOP
4. low base oil pressure
To determine if your ICP sensor is accurate, check sensor voltage against sensor psig output:
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/a...6&d=1487992315
Early ICP sensor shows apprx 0.2v at KOEO with correct/working sensor. 0.16v to .24v is acceptable
Late ICP sensor shows apprx 0.25v at KOEO with correct/working sensor. 0.24v to .28v is acceptable
Bench test HPOP & IPR valve - BEST VIDEO:
When you pressure test with air, you HAVE TO wait long enough to push the oil out of the system. This is because you want air to contact all potential leak points (it will flow out of a leaking seal a LOT easier than oil). Of course hot oil will flow better than cold oil. It is ALWAYS better to do the leak testing when the system is hot.
Three videos on air testing your High Pressure Oil System (using various oil rail fittings to introduce the air).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20Q6...ature=youtu.be
To check your ipr and hp oil system:
1. Determine which way you are going to close your IPR valve. There are 4 ways.
3. Remove your oil fill cap, your intake up to the turbo (get the CCV out of the valve cover at least), and the hot side CAC tube.
4. Then, command the IPR closed for 1 minute or so, apply 100 psi air (150 psi is better) to the hp oil system and listed to where the leak is coming from. Close the IPR for a MAX of 2 minutes at a time, then let the IPR electronics cool a little and you can close it again. Obviously if you are introducing the air via the IPR opening fitting, you don't have to command it closed.
When you hear it you've found your problem....that is assuming you have a hp oil problem.
If your building low and high oil pressure fine, then you've just wasted your time.
Generally on no-start conditions that are related to "high pressure oil" leaks, the vehicle will still develop low pressure system pressures. However, the plug on the H.P. oil feed can occasionally blow out, the H.P. pump seal can blow out, and on the '03-04 trucks the ball on the side of the H.P. pump blow out - causing loss of base oil pressure.
Hard start - no start conditions related to the HPOP could be attributed to the following components in the high pressure oil system (air test while hot will determine the root cause):
h t t p://www.*******.com/forum/showthread.php?t=11583
(leave the spaces out of http and where the asterisks are insert the word "ford truck fanatics" with no spaces)
Faulty IPR valve
Leaking snap-to-connect (STC) fitting (05 and up model years)
Leaky or cracked branch tube
Leak with the stand pipe
Leaky or cracked oil rail (including oil rail end caps/plugs)
Leak in the d-rings of the oil rail front port plugs (or dummy plugs)
Leaky o-ring on an injector; or leak at the top of the injector where the ball tube from the high pressure oil rail connects to the injector.
Weak or failed HPOP itself
Low base oil pressure (failed oil pressure regulator).
Low base oil pressure (bad low pressure oil pump - LPOP).
Post #4 below has a low pressure oil test procedure
One easy check for injector problems: SEE POST #17 below
"When injectors fail, it is possible for combustion gasses to flow into the fuel system and displace the fuel. The gasses come through the pintle seat and into the fuel gallery in the head and up into the fuel filter.
Crank Shaft Position Sensor (CKP)
Ford Truck Picture by bismic | 806752 | Ford-Trucks.com
Ford Truck Picture by bismic | 806753 | Ford-Trucks.com
Page 52: Electrical Components
Cam Shaft Position Sensor (CMP)
Page 10: Component Locations
Page 53: Electrical Components
NO-CRANK troubleshooting: See post #28
LASTLY - Troubleshooting a NO SYNC issue (no-start, hard-start, engine-stall):
https://www.powerstroke.org/threads/sync-troubleshooting-no-start-hard-start-engine-stall.1377183/#post-16399232
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/forums/topic/6525-ficm-sync-yes-sync-no/?tab=comments#comment-63476
Also a bad sensor (such as even an oil temp sensor) can throw off engine parameters and cause hard starts and potentially even a no start (even in hot climates where the glow plugs are not needed),
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/1...g-process.html
Second - get to know the 6.0L (skip this part if you are familiar with the 6.0L engine, terminology, engine sensors, and location of components):
2003.25 coffee table book (6.0L bible):
http://www.powerstrokediesel.com/docs/EF_456.pdf
2004 coffee table book (6.0L bible):
https://www.ford-trucks.com/ford-man...ble%20Book.pdf
2005 coffee table book (6.0L bible):
https://www.ford-trucks.com/ford-man...ble%20Book.pdf
2005 running changes - update
https://www.ford-trucks.com/ford-man...s%20Update.pdf
.
.
.
Now, on to the NO-START troubleshooting ---- first some links to checklists and videos, then explanation:
.
.
.
Now , ********** NO-START TROUBLESHOOTING ******* How to implement some of what you have seen and read above:
Diesel technology: you need fuel, air, and compression (heat). In addition, the modern diesels need a number of electrical and electronic things to be satisfied before the fueling command will be given. To get fuel, you will need proper base engine oil flow and pressure and sufficient high pressure oil flow and pressure.
MAKE SURE THAT:
- YOU HAVE SUFFICIENT OIL LEVEL, not low and not overfilled. Signs of aerated oil could indicate issues that could lead to a no-start.
- YOU HAVE SUFFICIENT FUEL LEVEL AND IT DOESN'T SMELL LIKE GASOLINE (also verify at the water drain plug on the Primary fuel filter that the fuel is not contaminated or congealed).
- YOUR AIR FILTER "FILTER-MINDER" ISN'T INDICATING A RESTRICTION.
- LASTLY, REMOVE THE SECONDARY FUEL FILTER CAP AND FILTER, REMOVE THE FUEL IN THE BOWL, THEN VERIFY THAT THE BOWL FILLS WHEN THE KEY IS TURNED ON (it can fill fairly quickly, so have someone ready to turn the key on at your direction)
One of the first things to do is to get a scan tool of some sort. A ScanGaugeII is a common purchase, but at $120 it is old technology and doesn't read codes very well. An Edge CTS2 is nice, but it is expensive (and may not read EBP and IAT accurately). The best value is found in a phone app - either TorquePro or ForScan Lite. ForScan Lite is a far better code reader, but I like the Torque Pro interface better. Either app is only a few dollars, but you also need to purchase an ELM327 OBDII adapter. iOS phones require a WiFi adapter ...... Bluetooth adapter for Android. I like the BAFX brand adapter. That brand seems to be very reliable.
With the a good scan tool, FIRST check for codes and use it to pull data mentioned in the text below. Remember the ScangaugeII is not a good code reader. The Torque Pro is ok, but definitely not as thorough as ForScan.
Usually, in order for the engine to start, with your scan tool, you look for (cranking values):
Cam/Crank sync (sync=1)
FICM sync (the FICM is the Fuel Injection Control Module) (sync=1)
FICM MPower
FICM LPower
FICM VPower
Commanded Fuel Pulse Width, FPW (to ensure that the fueling command is given)
note: FPW is also called "Injector Pulse Width"
ICP pressure of 500 psig minimum
ICP sensor voltage output
IPR % Duty Cycle
Cranking speed of 150 rpm minimum (PC/ED states 100 rpm minimum, but functionally it is 150 rpm)
Acceptable system voltage (typically over 10.5 volts cranking with the glow plugs on)
V-reference voltage (5 volts +/- .5)
NOTE:
- extended cranks will be experienced below 9.5 volts, scan tools can lose connection below 9 volts, and the engine will absolutely not start below 8-8.5 volts.
- Low system voltage can quickly lead to damage on either or both of the FICM circuit boards (Power Board and/or Logic Board)
Injectors need to be working properly so that they will actuate with the electrical signal sent to them from the FICM (and they need sufficient high pressure oil pressure to actually push down the intensifier piston that pushes down the injector plunger). Some common issues with them are electrical issues at the connector, sticking spool valves (stiction), or damaged plungers.
NOTE - if you suspect an injector is dumping fuel - DON'T DRIVE IT. It can ruin your engine. You will see a LOT of black smoke, or white smoke, that will smell like unburned fuel, and you might even hear some loud "clunking" with the engine running. You can start investigation by cranking the engine w/ the starter solenoid wire jumpered to the passenger battery positive terminal. You are listening for uneven cranks. If you have uneven cranking, you should probably consider a borescope inspection or a compression check. Codes will probably point you to the proper cylinder! There will be a video link later to show you how to crank w/ the starter solenoid wire/
REPEAT ADVICE: I ALWAYS advise people to manually charge each battery separately and also to load test them separately when beginning to troubleshoot a no-start. Low voltage can cause quite a few problems, can interfere with good data, and can actually be the cause of the no-start.
Troubleshooting a NO-START (see items 4 and 5 for a "no-crank"):
1. Pull diagnostic trouble codes (DTC's) if you can (you can have codes without a Check Engine Light). Verify that you have both cam/crank sync and FICM sync when cranking.
2. If manual, clutch pedal fully pressed?
3. Battery connections (all including grounds) - all good? Alternator cable connections good?
4. Automatic transmission shift lever fully in PARK or NEUTRAL? Try restarting while slightly moving the gearshift lever.
5. Starter relay connections - all good, replace relay?
NOTE - if you are not getting any crank at all there are a few things to try:
- Check fuse F2.22 (20A Engine Controls) under the dash. If it is blown a few common causes are: shorted fan clutch, MAF, IPR, EGR actuator, or GPCM.
- Check the main battery ground at the harmonic balancer.
- Under the hood, find the yellow (light blue stripe) colored wire adjacent to the passenger side battery in the engine compartment, near the vacuum pump that has a "squeeze-and-pull" type connection. Disconnect it, & jump the male end of the connector to the passenger side battery positive terminal. The starter should crank. Leave the key in the off position to crank. If the starter does not engage with this test, it is a starter or wiring problem!
https://cimg2.ibsrv.net/gimg/www.for...4f576a8117.jpg
- Inspect the fan clutch wiring
- Try cranking with the middle PCM plug pulled out (C1381c)
- Look at the fuel cut-off inertia switch
- Watch the v-reference voltage when attempting a crank - it should be at (or very close to) 5 volts
- If v-reference voltage looks off, try starting w/ the various v-reference sensors disconnected: Fan speed sensor (fan clutch wiring), EGR valve, ICP, EBP, MAP, BARO, APP, TPS, EOT, ECT, IAT1, IAT2, TFT, WIF sensor. Even the Instrument Cluster (IC or HEC) is fed the 5 volt reference and could be an issue.
- Ultimately a transmission range sensor could be the issue as well. This sensor is inside the transmission.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rIu...ature=youtu.be
6. Glow plug connectors making good connection? No check engine light (CEL). Glow plugs are usually good at throwing a code and setting the CEL.
7. Is the starter engaging? Verify starter & ignition switch are working properly.
8. Load test BOTH batteries individually & check the charging system (alternator). PCM needs to see 100 rpm minimum to start, but functionally it needs to be at 150 rpm minimum.
9. Fusible links and fuses OK? The FICM relay is labeled IDM Relay #304. Check it specifically.
10. Could a factory or aftermarket anti-theft device be causing the problem (Passive Active Theft System - PATS)? Disconnect it if possible. Same w/ a remote start system.
11. Push the reset on the emergency fuel cut-off switch.
12. Any oil pressure registering on the dash pressure gauge (low pressure system)? If not, it could be a bad oil pump (LPOP), a oil filter drain valve stuck open, or a bad oil pressure regulator. You should register oil pressure on the dash gauge in a long crank/ no start condition when the complete oil system is known to be sealed.
13. Check PCM & FICM connections - any wire chaffing? Any Injector harness chaffing? Any ICP or IPR harness chaffing? More detail below.
14. Verify that oil level is correct and the proper oil and filter have been installed. Oil foaming and loss of viscosity (too thick or fuel diluted) can be an issue. Check oil level for fuel dilution, inspect oil condition, maybe even change oil and filter. Definitely make sure you filled w/ the proper oil. Fuel dilution from a leaky injector will show up as an overfull oil level, so low oil level AND high oil level can contribute to a no-start! MAKE SURE THAT YOU ARE USING AN OEM OIL FILTER CAP AND AN OEM OIL FILTER. The tall aftermarket oil filter cap (when used with a short OEM type filter) will not depress (close) the oil filter housing drain valve. IT WILL CAUSE A NO-START!
15. Verify that the air filter is not plugged - Check the filter minder, you may even want to pull the air filter and inspect.
16. Inspect the ICP sensor & harness. Is it oil soaked? Disconnect the ICP & try again (the engine will start with it disconnected if a bad ICP sensor is causing the no-start). The PCM will establish a default control scheme that would allow the truck to start if the problem were the ICP sensor. Afterwards, make sure the harness is re-installed securely. Just be aware that trying to start w/ the ICP unplugged will throw a code that some might confuse with an actual BAD ICP sensor.
17. Change both fuel filters, inspect appearance of the fuel when draining the water separator (you could just have bad fuel). While the secondary fuel filter is out, verify that the fuel pump will quickly fill the secondary fuel filter bowl with the key on. If so, replace the filter, re-install the cap, and make sure that the air is purged on start-up (follow the proper KOEO cycling procedure before cranking).
18. If you can, verify the fuel pressure (test port is at the base of the secondary fuel filter). Must be over 45 psig (I MUCH prefer 50 psig as the minimum)!
19. If you have no fuel flow or low pressure, it could be a bad pump (HFCM), OR it could be a plugged fuel filter / plugged lines. You can blow air through the lines to check for plugging. If there is no plugging, test the pump. First, pull fuse 302 (PCM) and relay 304 (FICM) and then pull the secondary (upper) fuel filter, remove any fuel, and then verify that it is being filled by cranking the engine. As it is being filled, make sure there are no air bubbles. If there are, you have a leak in some connections, the HFCM suction line, or the HFCM o-ring (most likely). Be sure to lube the o-ring w/ oil before re-installing.
TO CHECK FOR SUCTION LINE PLUGGING:
The fuel pump vacuum test is referred to as an ""inlet restriction test"". This will test from the pump to the tank for a restriction. A reading that of more than 6"" H2O vacuum is very bad. 6"" is the max limit. The normal reading is between 2"" and 0"" of H2O.
To do this test you would need to ""T"" a vacuum gauge in between the back of the pump and the line coming into it. If you have a high reading there, then move the T to the tank at the outlet line. If the restriction is still present at the tank, then the problem is in the tank. If there is no restriction at this point, then the issue would be with the supply line to the pump."
20. Pull the oil filter top and crank it while you watch to see if any oil is flowing into the filter housing. If not then it is a LPO problem. Take a long extension and hold down the drain valve at the bottom of the oil filter housing (round black thing held up by a spring). Crank the engine. The housing should fill within about 3-4 seconds. Without the drain valve depressed, the bowl should fill in 8-10 seconds of cranking. NOTE - it is best to crank w/ the starter solenoid wire jumpered to the passenger battery positive terminal. Ask about this if you do not know how to do it! If the oil filter housing doesn't fill, check the low pressure oil pressure regulator (12mm allen socket):
21. If possible, verify high pressure oil pressure (ICP sensor) - must be over 500 psig to fire the injectors. See link below.
22. Pull EGR valve and inspect. Clean if dirty. Check the strength of the spring. Consider replacing it - just because. Also clean the MAP sensor hose and the EBP tube. These may cause surging and hard start, but a long shot for a no-start.
23. Remember - If the oil temp is reporting over 131 *F, the glow plugs will not be turned on (and this can cause a no-start or a hard-start), and the black connector is for the EVEN number GP's and the green is for the ODD GP's.
Glow Plug itself:
The glow plug wire harnesses have quick disconnects at top side of valve covers and you could disconnect them and conduct ohm readings of each individual glow plug, as well as test for any open circuits. The resistance in each glow plug - should be less than 1 ohm.
Checking current draw w/ Inductive ammeter:
Troubleshoot the glow plug system (you need a clamp on inductive ammeter for this method). Test each glow plug module wire bundle separately, then test each glow plug. Look for any amperages lower on one side or lower to an individual glow plug. From each module you should see 200 A at first dropping quickly to 35-37 A if the GPCM is OK. Both modules should read apprx. the same. Each glow plug will draw 8-10 A. Also, to check the harness, disconnect the four wire connector (the one with the red lock tab). Using an ohm meter set to OHMs (preferably one that auto ranges), connect the red lead to each of the four female cavities with the black lead connected to your driver side battery ground terminal. Each of the four terminals should give you between 0.5 and 2 ohms readings.
PCM to GPCM:
You can also check for input, continuity and any shorts between the 2 input feeds from the PCM to the GPCM 'green' connector: The PCM provides input to GPCM thru PCM pin#'s 3(GPE) and 17(GPD) of the PCM J1-C2 connector to the GPCM 'green' connector pin#'s 8 and 9. So, to recap:
PCM #3 goes to GPCM green #8 and PCM #17 goes to GPCM green connector #9.
GPCM to Glow plugs:
Both plugs on the Glow Plug Control Module have leads that supply the amps/power to all the glow plugs (pin #'s 1,2,6 & 7 of both GPCM connectors feed to each bank of GP's). Both GPCM plugs have a #10 black wire with orange strip/tracer. These are the main 'power' wires coming from the passenger battery. They actually tie together with "fuseable links" to a #6 red battery cable to the passenger battery. You can clamp your amp meter over the red cable and see the total amp draw going to the GPCM with KOEO. You can also verify the GPCM is receiving B+ voltage at pin #9 (small dia. solid red color lead) of black connector on GPCM. It should have B+ voltage with KOEO(Key On Engine Off).
24. Carry out the KOEO Injector Electrical Self-Test (Click Test) & the bubble test.
25. Check the Crank (CKP) and Cam (CMP) sensor wiring harnesses.
26. Check the FICM voltage - MPower, LPower, VPower with your scan tool (see post #27 below).
Wire Chaffing Locations:
.
http://www.thedieselgarage.com/forum...ad.php?t=58336
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...ical-problems/
Note - some links below are no longer valid, SORRY.
FICM and ICP harness recall:
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...ss-shorting-1/
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...ss-shorting-2/
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/artic...-failures-r32/
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...harness-chafe/
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/galle...tower-chafing/
Just recieved a recall letter. Anybody else - TheDieselGarage.com
mms://multimedia.ford.com/seopts/Tech12_250k.wmv
SORRY - the link above may not work!
https://www.ford-trucks.com/ford-man...re_chafing.pdf
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/a...1&d=1603984294
ONE OF THE MOST COMMON CAUSES OF A 6.0L "NO-START WHEN HOT" IS A LEAK IN THE HIGH PRESSURE OIL SYSTEM. THE BEST WAY TO IDENTIFY THIS IS TO POST THE CRANKING ICP SENSOR PRESSURE, THE ICP VOLTAGE, AND THE IPR % DUTY CYCLE. IT IS BEST TO RETRIEVE THIS DATA WHEN YOU ARE GETTING THE NO-START (ie when hot). MORE ON THIS BELOW. A BAD HPOP can also cause this, but the 03, 04, and 04.5 HPOPs are the most common ones to have issues. The 05 and up HPOP's do not fail nearly as often. Unfortunately the "wavy high pressure oil rails" came out in 04.5. For 04.6 model year and up, the dummy plugs and standpipes are prone to leakage. The HPOP discharge fitting was changed in 05 (along w/ the style of HPOP). THE HPOP was a BIG improvement, but the discharge "STC fitting" is a common source of leaks in the 05 and up high pressure oil system.
TROUBLESHOOT THE HPO PRESSURE SYSTEM:
(see post #16 below for multiple links)
TROUBLESHOOT THE HPOP:
https://www.powerstroke.org/threads/...-hpop.1377267/
Determining if the ICP sensor is seeing 500 psig minimum (see post #23 in link below):
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/8...not-start.html
IPR valve removal socket:
If possible, you can pull the ICP & install a pressure gauge to check the pressure in the “high pressure oil system”. Crank the engine & watch the pressure. You need 500 psig to start. The fitting needed for this is the same as that for the fuel pressure test port. IMO, a better way to air test is to remove the IPR valve and air test from the IPR opening. This takes the IPR out of the leak testing equation. You can test the IPR valve itself at a later time. Tool to air test from the IPR valve opening:
Here is another way of checking to see if you have sufficient high pressure oil without having a gauge or adapter. Strip back the wires about an inch away from the icp sensor connector. Obtain a digital multimeter and set it for voltage (DC). The bn-wh wire is a five volt reference, leave that alone. Strip back the db-lg signal wire and the gy-rd ground wire. Put positive lead on a dark blue-light green wire and negative lead on gray-red wire. Have an assistant crank truck, you need a minimum of 0.80 volts (500 psi) for the truck to start, if you are getting greater than that then you have sufficient high pressure oil.
When you can't develop the needed high pressure oil pressure (assuming your ICP sensor is reading accurately), your issue is ALWAYS ONE of the following:
1. leak
2. a bad IPR (plugged, not working mechanically not working electrically)
3. A bad HPOP
4. low base oil pressure
To determine if your ICP sensor is accurate, check sensor voltage against sensor psig output:
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/a...6&d=1487992315
Early ICP sensor shows apprx 0.2v at KOEO with correct/working sensor. 0.16v to .24v is acceptable
Late ICP sensor shows apprx 0.25v at KOEO with correct/working sensor. 0.24v to .28v is acceptable
Bench test HPOP & IPR valve - BEST VIDEO:
When you pressure test with air, you HAVE TO wait long enough to push the oil out of the system. This is because you want air to contact all potential leak points (it will flow out of a leaking seal a LOT easier than oil). Of course hot oil will flow better than cold oil. It is ALWAYS better to do the leak testing when the system is hot.
Three videos on air testing your High Pressure Oil System (using various oil rail fittings to introduce the air).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20Q6...ature=youtu.be
To check your ipr and hp oil system:
1. Determine which way you are going to close your IPR valve. There are 4 ways.
- OTC 6764 Ford Diesel 6.0L IPR Controller / Tester (you can get one on Amazon)
- you can use an old IPR connector (part # 6E7Z-12A690-DA) from an old harness wired to a cigar lighter plug. Try asking a tech at your local ford dealer, maybe one will be nice enough to snip one off a harness that's laying around. Red wire switched power Pin 1 B+; Yellow/red PCM supplied ground Pin 2 B-.
- Without a scan tool to take active command of IPR duty to 100%, you can do it by having the key in the RUN position, and jumping (to ground) pin #2 of C1381c (the middle of the three PCM connectors between the driver side battery and the inner driver side fender well which requires the battery cover removed to access unless it's MIA) which will be a yellow wire with red stripe. This is the ground side wire to the IPR. https://www.ford-trucks.com/g/album/9417562
- Use a diagnostic tool. I believe that ForScan on a laptop will command the IPR closed. So will AutoEnginuity. Of course the Ford IDS system will command it closed.
3. Remove your oil fill cap, your intake up to the turbo (get the CCV out of the valve cover at least), and the hot side CAC tube.
4. Then, command the IPR closed for 1 minute or so, apply 100 psi air (150 psi is better) to the hp oil system and listed to where the leak is coming from. Close the IPR for a MAX of 2 minutes at a time, then let the IPR electronics cool a little and you can close it again. Obviously if you are introducing the air via the IPR opening fitting, you don't have to command it closed.
When you hear it you've found your problem....that is assuming you have a hp oil problem.
If your building low and high oil pressure fine, then you've just wasted your time.
Generally on no-start conditions that are related to "high pressure oil" leaks, the vehicle will still develop low pressure system pressures. However, the plug on the H.P. oil feed can occasionally blow out, the H.P. pump seal can blow out, and on the '03-04 trucks the ball on the side of the H.P. pump blow out - causing loss of base oil pressure.
Hard start - no start conditions related to the HPOP could be attributed to the following components in the high pressure oil system (air test while hot will determine the root cause):
h t t p://www.*******.com/forum/showthread.php?t=11583
(leave the spaces out of http and where the asterisks are insert the word "ford truck fanatics" with no spaces)
Faulty IPR valve
Leaking snap-to-connect (STC) fitting (05 and up model years)
Leaky or cracked branch tube
Leak with the stand pipe
Leaky or cracked oil rail (including oil rail end caps/plugs)
Leak in the d-rings of the oil rail front port plugs (or dummy plugs)
Leaky o-ring on an injector; or leak at the top of the injector where the ball tube from the high pressure oil rail connects to the injector.
Weak or failed HPOP itself
Low base oil pressure (failed oil pressure regulator).
Low base oil pressure (bad low pressure oil pump - LPOP).
Post #4 below has a low pressure oil test procedure
One easy check for injector problems: SEE POST #17 below
"When injectors fail, it is possible for combustion gasses to flow into the fuel system and displace the fuel. The gasses come through the pintle seat and into the fuel gallery in the head and up into the fuel filter.
Crank Shaft Position Sensor (CKP)
Ford Truck Picture by bismic | 806752 | Ford-Trucks.com
Ford Truck Picture by bismic | 806753 | Ford-Trucks.com
Page 52: Electrical Components
Cam Shaft Position Sensor (CMP)
Page 10: Component Locations
Page 53: Electrical Components
NO-CRANK troubleshooting: See post #28
LASTLY - Troubleshooting a NO SYNC issue (no-start, hard-start, engine-stall):
https://www.powerstroke.org/threads/sync-troubleshooting-no-start-hard-start-engine-stall.1377183/#post-16399232
https://www.forddoctorsdts.com/forums/topic/6525-ficm-sync-yes-sync-no/?tab=comments#comment-63476
Also a bad sensor (such as even an oil temp sensor) can throw off engine parameters and cause hard starts and potentially even a no start (even in hot climates where the glow plugs are not needed),
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From: Ohio
Great information Bismic, here is the low pressure oil test procedure.
Using a suitable adapter (such as Aeroquip® 2022-4-4S), install it in the engine oil pressure sensor hole to carry out the base oil pressure test.
Install gauge to check the base oil pressure. The minimum engine oil pressure specifications are 82.7 kPa (12 psi) at 700 rpm, 165.5 kPa (24 psi) at 1,200 rpm and 310.3 kPa (45 psi) at 1,800 rpm with the engine at operating temperature.
Using a suitable adapter (such as Aeroquip® 2022-4-4S), install it in the engine oil pressure sensor hole to carry out the base oil pressure test.
Install gauge to check the base oil pressure. The minimum engine oil pressure specifications are 82.7 kPa (12 psi) at 700 rpm, 165.5 kPa (24 psi) at 1,200 rpm and 310.3 kPa (45 psi) at 1,800 rpm with the engine at operating temperature.
Lead Driver
Joined: Nov 2007
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I'm not sure where you got this information but I've never been able to find anything that the PCM reads low pressure oil from. By looking at the wiring diagram it's nothing but a resistance switch that goes directly to the dash panel. I think that's why you have to tap directly into a low pressure oil galley to use a manual gauge. The LPO is like a safety in itself. If you have no low oil pressure then the HPOP has no oil to fire the injectors anyway and it won't start.
looks like another great addition to the tech folder Mark..
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Fleet Owner
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Good checklists for "Hard Start - No Start" (attached)
Also a few resources on the high pressure oil system troubleshooting (attached)
Lastly - here is a link to a couple of good tips on relative compression testing and cylinder contribution testing:
https://www.vehicleservicepros.com/s...rd-powerstroke
Also a few resources on the high pressure oil system troubleshooting (attached)
Lastly - here is a link to a couple of good tips on relative compression testing and cylinder contribution testing:
https://www.vehicleservicepros.com/s...rd-powerstroke
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Fleet Owner
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From: luthrobediesel on FTE (see post #18 in link below)
Injector o-ring (or other failures) can cause a no-start condition. One easy check for injector problems:
Pull the fuse cover under steering wheel with a flat blade screw driver turn the screws 1/4 of a turn. Pull fuses 20 FICM, 40 Fuel pump, and 103 PCM. You might need a fuse puller or needle nose pliers. Be sure there is fuel above the standpipe. If you want pull fuse 40 last and use the fuel pump momentarily to fill the fuel filter housing. Then have someone crank while you watch for bubbles. Do not crank on it for more than 10 seconds max. This is the easiest way to determine if combustion gas is getting through the pintle seat and into the fuel gallery in the head (which will back out fuel feed, and cause stalling and a no-start). Just remember that this is only one type of injector failure. Usually it reveals itself with contribution codes from most or all of the injectors in one, or sometimes even both, banks.
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/8...in-a-6-0l.html
Injector o-ring (or other failures) can cause a no-start condition. One easy check for injector problems:
Pull the fuse cover under steering wheel with a flat blade screw driver turn the screws 1/4 of a turn. Pull fuses 20 FICM, 40 Fuel pump, and 103 PCM. You might need a fuse puller or needle nose pliers. Be sure there is fuel above the standpipe. If you want pull fuse 40 last and use the fuel pump momentarily to fill the fuel filter housing. Then have someone crank while you watch for bubbles. Do not crank on it for more than 10 seconds max. This is the easiest way to determine if combustion gas is getting through the pintle seat and into the fuel gallery in the head (which will back out fuel feed, and cause stalling and a no-start). Just remember that this is only one type of injector failure. Usually it reveals itself with contribution codes from most or all of the injectors in one, or sometimes even both, banks.
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/8...in-a-6-0l.html
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Fleet Owner
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Fleet Owner
Joined: Nov 2003
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NO-CRANK TROUBLESHOOTING:
Confirm that the person with the no-crank issue actually means that there is ZERO engine rotation from the starter.
THEN ask about aftermarket security systems or remote starts (even PATS can cause an issue)
Then ask if the DLC (Data Link Connector) has power
Then ask if all other dash electronics work (ie dash lights, windows, horn, headlights, etc)
THEN confirm that it isn't a hydrolock of some sort
If all the above confirm that the issue is in fact a no-crank/no-start, then follow the procedure below:
First, ensure is that the batteries are healthy and fully charged. This means that the battery cables are clean and solid.
The second thing to verify is that the power cable to the starter is in good condition with a solid connection and no terminal corrosion.
The third thing is to check that the main passenger side battery ground is solid at the engine block by the harmonic balancer.
Next, try "jumpering" the wire to the starter solenoid (yellow with light blue stripe) to the passenger side battery - it is on the passenger fender near the vacuum pump ..... you can unplug it and get it to reach the positive battery terminal of the passenger battery and try to crank the engine that way. Do this with the key in the "off" position as a first test (the engine MIGHT start unexpectedly if the key is in the "run" position.
https://cimg2.ibsrv.net/gimg/www.for...4f576a8117.jpg
https://cimg6.ibsrv.net/gimg/www.for...4dbf37c83c.jpg
THOROUGHLY check all of the involved fuses and relays (sometimes it is easier to just swap in a new fuse since some fuse issues are not always clearly obvious):
For 2005 and up, No-Crank and No-Start, Check (under dash) - see below link for Junction Box picture (corrections for 2003 and 2004 are made in the text):
Fuse 22 (20A Engine Controls)
Fuse 27 (15A ignition switch run feed)
Fuse 31 (15A starter relay fuse, for 03 and 04 it is the clutch interlock switch/transmission range sensor)
Fuse 45 (10A Ignition ON switch - run/start feed)
Fuse 110 (30A ignition switch)
Fuse 113 (30A starter) - this fuse can blow if the starter is bad
Fuse 116 (30A ignition switch)
Relay 302 (PCM)
Relay 307 (Starter), Also check the stater relay pins listed below:
- Pin 30 for 12v power (at all times) and pin 85 (switched power).
- If pin 30 doesn't have power, then fuse F2.113 is blown
- If pin 85 doesn't have switched power, then fuse F2.31 is blown
Also, check to see if the PCM is supplying a ground to the starter relay with the key in the "START" (or crank) position and the fuel pump with the key in the "ON" position:
If it does, then you most likely have a short in a v-reference sensor.
A bad fan clutch or shorted wiring to the fan clutch will keep it from cranking (and it may prevent the fuel pump from running):
Confirm that the person with the no-crank issue actually means that there is ZERO engine rotation from the starter.
THEN ask about aftermarket security systems or remote starts (even PATS can cause an issue)
Then ask if the DLC (Data Link Connector) has power
Then ask if all other dash electronics work (ie dash lights, windows, horn, headlights, etc)
THEN confirm that it isn't a hydrolock of some sort
If all the above confirm that the issue is in fact a no-crank/no-start, then follow the procedure below:
First, ensure is that the batteries are healthy and fully charged. This means that the battery cables are clean and solid.
The second thing to verify is that the power cable to the starter is in good condition with a solid connection and no terminal corrosion.
The third thing is to check that the main passenger side battery ground is solid at the engine block by the harmonic balancer.
Next, try "jumpering" the wire to the starter solenoid (yellow with light blue stripe) to the passenger side battery - it is on the passenger fender near the vacuum pump ..... you can unplug it and get it to reach the positive battery terminal of the passenger battery and try to crank the engine that way. Do this with the key in the "off" position as a first test (the engine MIGHT start unexpectedly if the key is in the "run" position.
https://cimg2.ibsrv.net/gimg/www.for...4f576a8117.jpg
https://cimg6.ibsrv.net/gimg/www.for...4dbf37c83c.jpg
THOROUGHLY check all of the involved fuses and relays (sometimes it is easier to just swap in a new fuse since some fuse issues are not always clearly obvious):
For 2005 and up, No-Crank and No-Start, Check (under dash) - see below link for Junction Box picture (corrections for 2003 and 2004 are made in the text):
Fuse 22 (20A Engine Controls)
Fuse 27 (15A ignition switch run feed)
Fuse 31 (15A starter relay fuse, for 03 and 04 it is the clutch interlock switch/transmission range sensor)
Fuse 45 (10A Ignition ON switch - run/start feed)
Fuse 110 (30A ignition switch)
Fuse 113 (30A starter) - this fuse can blow if the starter is bad
Fuse 116 (30A ignition switch)
Relay 302 (PCM)
Relay 307 (Starter), Also check the stater relay pins listed below:
- Pin 30 for 12v power (at all times) and pin 85 (switched power).
- If pin 30 doesn't have power, then fuse F2.113 is blown
- If pin 85 doesn't have switched power, then fuse F2.31 is blown
Also, check to see if the PCM is supplying a ground to the starter relay with the key in the "START" (or crank) position and the fuel pump with the key in the "ON" position:
The PCM controls the ground for the starter relay (contact 86 on relay 307) that is on the fuse panel under the dash (CJB); or on connector C270f that connects to the CJB. This "switched ground" is a pink wire (for the 05 and up year models) or a Brown with pink stripe for the 03-04 years. It is pin #4 on the PCM left connector (C1381a), if you need to locate it. You can jumper that pin to ground (leaving all the connectors plugged in) and see if the starter will crank the engine, or if the engine will start.
If the PCM doesn't sense neutral or park from the TRS (Transmission Range Sensor), it will not ground the starter relay. So, if you have power on two posts at the relay, but no ground ... it is either a PCM issue , the wiring (pink wire circuit), the TRS (or its circuitry), or you have multiple things going on. You can turn the key to "on", apply the brake, and check to see if the reversing lamp comes on when moving the gear shift to reverse (ie it is an indication that the range sensor is probably working).
If you have an issue with the Transmission Range Sensor (which can also cause a no-crank), the fuel pump will still run with only this sensor being bad.
Will the vehicle crank with the key, if you disconnect the middle of the three PCM connectors (C1381c)?If the PCM doesn't sense neutral or park from the TRS (Transmission Range Sensor), it will not ground the starter relay. So, if you have power on two posts at the relay, but no ground ... it is either a PCM issue , the wiring (pink wire circuit), the TRS (or its circuitry), or you have multiple things going on. You can turn the key to "on", apply the brake, and check to see if the reversing lamp comes on when moving the gear shift to reverse (ie it is an indication that the range sensor is probably working).
If you have an issue with the Transmission Range Sensor (which can also cause a no-crank), the fuel pump will still run with only this sensor being bad.
If it does, then you most likely have a short in a v-reference sensor.
A bad fan clutch or shorted wiring to the fan clutch will keep it from cranking (and it may prevent the fuel pump from running):
- Check fuse F2.22 (CJB - under the drivers side dash)
- Unplug the fan clutch and see if it'll crank
- Unplug the middle PCM connector (C1381c) and see if it will crank
A bad fan clutch, or shorted out wiring to the fan clutch, can pull down PCM voltage (it can also impact the 12V buffered power that feeds the Transmission Range Sensor) so that commands won't be sent to close the starter OR the fuel pump relays. These fan clutch electrical issues also tend to blow fuse F2.22. Lastly, any sensor with a shorted out v-reference circuit, MIGHT also cause a no-crank along with the fuel pump not running. This is why the test to try cranking w/ the middle PCM plug pulled out.
The buffered power voltage can be checked at in fan clutch connector at pin #6 (Brown with Light Green stripe wire), and at PCM connector 1381a at pin #46 (same color wire).
The switched power voltage can be checked at in fan clutch connector at pin #5 (Red wire), and at PCM connector 1381c at pin #46 (Red wire).
Two last "odd" no cranks:- Unplug the fan clutch and see if it'll crank
- Unplug the middle PCM connector (C1381c) and see if it will crank
A bad fan clutch, or shorted out wiring to the fan clutch, can pull down PCM voltage (it can also impact the 12V buffered power that feeds the Transmission Range Sensor) so that commands won't be sent to close the starter OR the fuel pump relays. These fan clutch electrical issues also tend to blow fuse F2.22. Lastly, any sensor with a shorted out v-reference circuit, MIGHT also cause a no-crank along with the fuel pump not running. This is why the test to try cranking w/ the middle PCM plug pulled out.
The buffered power voltage can be checked at in fan clutch connector at pin #6 (Brown with Light Green stripe wire), and at PCM connector 1381a at pin #46 (same color wire).
The switched power voltage can be checked at in fan clutch connector at pin #5 (Red wire), and at PCM connector 1381c at pin #46 (Red wire).
Pop the cover off under your steering wheel, unscrew the ignition "slider" and test it to see if it is a problem with the linkage from your key switch or the ignition itself. If I remember it is a t-25 torx bit, the ignition slider is a white box. If you unbolt the box you will see a round bar that you can slide up and down in a slot. Slide it forward one "click", this is like the first click when you turn your ignition key. Wait for your glow plug light to turn off and push it the rest of the way down and hold it down until the truck starts. let go when it starts. If that works then you have some mechanical linkage problem in the steering column itself and the electronics are fine.
The battery saver circuit can cause a no-crank. It contains a voltage regulator and a capacitor, and a pcb style relay used to time the delay. These components are in the Instrument Cluster (HEC). If the battery saver circuit is bad, it can cause a total loss of electricity by dragging down the system voltage (audio, power windows, HEC illumination, even lights, horn, ignition, dash, fuel pump, starter, etc). Just turn on the head lights for a few seconds and hopefully all will be well (for a good/long length of time). It is also possible that relay 306 (Accessory Delay relay) in the CJB is acting up.
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Here is another troubleshooting procedure I found - posted by a Tech (Gofasterdammit) on TDS:
1. Remove glow plugs
2. Make sure the batteries are charged.
3. Disconnect the serpentine belt.
4. Attempt to crank engine.
If the engine cranks normally, install all glow plugs, fire it up with the belt off, it'll be ok. If the engine starts and runs normally with no belt installed, go ahead and replace the A/C compressor with a factory part (no Napa junk), and check for dessicant in the orifice tube. I worked on a 6.0L two days ago that had the A/C compressor seize. The engine would not crank at all. Cut belt, engine starts, repair A/C concern, everything ok.
1. Remove glow plugs
2. Make sure the batteries are charged.
3. Disconnect the serpentine belt.
4. Attempt to crank engine.
If the engine cranks normally, install all glow plugs, fire it up with the belt off, it'll be ok. If the engine starts and runs normally with no belt installed, go ahead and replace the A/C compressor with a factory part (no Napa junk), and check for dessicant in the orifice tube. I worked on a 6.0L two days ago that had the A/C compressor seize. The engine would not crank at all. Cut belt, engine starts, repair A/C concern, everything ok.
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Fleet Owner
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Below is a link to another no-start condition that shows up when the fuel tank level gets low (say to 1/4 tank). The fuel pickup tube strainer (bottom screen) can basically disintegrate or break off. If it breaks off, the fuel level must be higher (above 1/4 tank) for fuel to be picked up by the pump. Also, there is suction relief assembly on the side of the pickup tube, It is there in case the fuel pump suction screen gets blinded off for WHATEVER reason. This is nice to have, except when that vacuum relief device falls out of the tube, and leaves a hold in the side of the pickup tube. Here again, a 1/4-1/3 fuel tank level will allow air to be pulled in with the fuel and it can cause the engine to die, and it can cause a no-start.
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/8...ml#post9500933
(thanks hubler13f)
.
NOTE, EVERY 6.0L owner needs a fuel pressure sensor and gauge. They will need to be aftermarket as there is no OEM option for this.
.
Also, if you have a hard-start or no-start, it is good to do a test to see how fast the fuel pump will fill an empty secondary fuel filter housing. This is a two person job because when you do this test (FIRST remove secondary fuel filter and empty the housing), you will have someone turn the key on so you can watch the housing fill. It should fill in seconds, and will make a mess if the person on the key does not turn the key off immediately when you yell at them to do so!! While the housing is filling WATCH CAREFULLY for any bubbles in the fuel. Air entrained with the fuel can be a sign of a broken pump suction pickup tube. Air can also be pulled in from a leaking water drain plug, or a leaking fuel pump seal. Since fuel has to be "pulled" from the tank by the fuel pump, any leak between the tank and the fuel pump suction might have the capability of allowing air to be pulled into the system.
.
Also, the 03 through 05 F-series had fuel pump heaters. They were removed in 2006 on the F series. The E series have them in later years also. It is not typical, but it seems a short in the fuel pump heater circuit can also cause a no-start.
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/8...ml#post9500933
(thanks hubler13f)
.
NOTE, EVERY 6.0L owner needs a fuel pressure sensor and gauge. They will need to be aftermarket as there is no OEM option for this.
.
Also, if you have a hard-start or no-start, it is good to do a test to see how fast the fuel pump will fill an empty secondary fuel filter housing. This is a two person job because when you do this test (FIRST remove secondary fuel filter and empty the housing), you will have someone turn the key on so you can watch the housing fill. It should fill in seconds, and will make a mess if the person on the key does not turn the key off immediately when you yell at them to do so!! While the housing is filling WATCH CAREFULLY for any bubbles in the fuel. Air entrained with the fuel can be a sign of a broken pump suction pickup tube. Air can also be pulled in from a leaking water drain plug, or a leaking fuel pump seal. Since fuel has to be "pulled" from the tank by the fuel pump, any leak between the tank and the fuel pump suction might have the capability of allowing air to be pulled into the system.
.
Also, the 03 through 05 F-series had fuel pump heaters. They were removed in 2006 on the F series. The E series have them in later years also. It is not typical, but it seems a short in the fuel pump heater circuit can also cause a no-start.
Last edited by bismic; Oct 17, 2025 at 11:15 PM.
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Fleet Owner
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You should use a scan tool to see your ICP information. Scan tools will report both the pressure value and the sensor voltage output. BOTH are important! If you just don't want to use a scan tool to check ICP sensor voltage output, the information below might help (a bit more detail than in the original post).
Here is the original post:
Here is a way of checking to see if you have sufficient high pressure oil without having a gauge or adapter. Strip back the wires about an inch away from the icp sensor connector (or tap into them w/ leads that can poke through the insulation). Obtain a digital multimeter and set it for voltage (DC). The bn-wh wire is a five volt reference, leave that alone. Strip back the db-lg signal wire and the gy-rd ground wire. Put positive lead on a dark blue-light green wire and negative lead on gray-red wire. Have an assistant crank truck, you need a minimum of 0.80 volts (500 psi) for the truck to start, if you are getting greater than that then you have sufficient high pressure oil.
Additional info:
Position the ICP connector and wires as follows:
Reference orientation - harness connector clip on the bottom, with the connector facing away from you, and wires coming towards you.
Top wire: db-lg
Bottom left wire: bn-wh
Bottom right wire: gy-rd
Now, you can pick the proper wires, even if the connector has been changed and the new connector only has purple wires.
Here is the original post:
Here is a way of checking to see if you have sufficient high pressure oil without having a gauge or adapter. Strip back the wires about an inch away from the icp sensor connector (or tap into them w/ leads that can poke through the insulation). Obtain a digital multimeter and set it for voltage (DC). The bn-wh wire is a five volt reference, leave that alone. Strip back the db-lg signal wire and the gy-rd ground wire. Put positive lead on a dark blue-light green wire and negative lead on gray-red wire. Have an assistant crank truck, you need a minimum of 0.80 volts (500 psi) for the truck to start, if you are getting greater than that then you have sufficient high pressure oil.
Additional info:
Position the ICP connector and wires as follows:
Reference orientation - harness connector clip on the bottom, with the connector facing away from you, and wires coming towards you.
Top wire: db-lg
Bottom left wire: bn-wh
Bottom right wire: gy-rd
Now, you can pick the proper wires, even if the connector has been changed and the new connector only has purple wires.
Thread Starter
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Fleet Owner
Joined: Nov 2003
Posts: 27,885
Likes: 3,599
Just wanted to add the following, since it seems to come up quite often:
The FICM voltage check often times will identifiy a bad FICM, but not always.
You can check the voltage on a FICM and get good values, and it can STILL be failed (even when getting 48V at the three conditions - KOEO, cranking, and 2000 rpm's if possible).
It would be great to have an absolute test that we can all do at home for determining a bad FICM, but that simply does not exist. IMO this is probably one of the most common no-start frustrations (from reading the forums).
Also - FICMrepair.com or CircuitBoardMedics.com are my choices for repairing and upgrading FICMs.
The FICM voltage check often times will identifiy a bad FICM, but not always.
You can check the voltage on a FICM and get good values, and it can STILL be failed (even when getting 48V at the three conditions - KOEO, cranking, and 2000 rpm's if possible).
It would be great to have an absolute test that we can all do at home for determining a bad FICM, but that simply does not exist. IMO this is probably one of the most common no-start frustrations (from reading the forums).
Also - FICMrepair.com or CircuitBoardMedics.com are my choices for repairing and upgrading FICMs.
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Fleet Owner
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Again - some more info, but can't edit an earlier post (it is too long).......
For the air pressure test to look for a leak in the high pressure oil system:
You should be able to remove the IPR harness without removing the turbo.
Remove the coolant reservoir and take the FICM and bracket off and remove the last intake bolt (and possibly the last valve cover bolt on the top edge) so you can get your hand back and unplug the IPR. Be VERY careful w/ the FICM connectors!
To command the IPR valve - you can use an old ipr connector from an old harness wired to a cig. lighter plug and only[/] keep it plugged in for 30 seconds not to damage the IPR. Try asking a tech at your local ford dealer, maybe one will be nice enough to snip one off a harness thats laying around. Red wire switched power Pin A B+; Yellow /red switched ground Pin B-.
You should use an M12x1.5 to a #4JIC fitting for the air to the ICP port.
As stated, a spare IPR connector (Ford part # 6E7Z-12A690-DA) can be obtained from the dealership (new or hopefully used) - and MAYBE a salvage yard.
Remove the oil fill cap, remove the CCV hose that goes into the air intake from the other valve cover, take a piece of heater hose and listen in BOTH spots after applying shop air to the ICP fitting. It will take a minute to push the oil out of the oil rail before you are able to hear the air flow (note the air will flow because the IPR valve is still open). As soon as you hear the air flow, command the IPR valve to close (again - ONLY for 30 seconds). If you hear air coming from either one of the spots you are listening to, then it's probably a leak in one of the oil rails. If you hear air coming from BOTH sides it's probably the HPOP or STC fitting. Note - when the IPR is commanded closed, you should here a slight "POP" or "CLICK" sound.
Also:
If IPR is at 80% while at hot idle, then you have high pressure oil leak, failed pump or a bad ipr valve.
IPR should be around 22-24% at hot idle; up to maybe 30% but that maybe a little too high.
There is a hole that is situated just above the HPOP drive gear. If air is heard/felt exiting this hole when air testing, this is normal if IPR duty cycle is not commanded to 100% because that is the exhaust passage. The way to condemn a high pressure oil pump is to air test it with the turbo oil supply tube removed from the top of the oil cooler base. If air is heard/felt from this port during air testing, the high pressure oil pump is bad. Air heard from the oil filter housing (filter removed) is also a way to condemn an HPOP!
For the air pressure test to look for a leak in the high pressure oil system:
You should be able to remove the IPR harness without removing the turbo.
Remove the coolant reservoir and take the FICM and bracket off and remove the last intake bolt (and possibly the last valve cover bolt on the top edge) so you can get your hand back and unplug the IPR. Be VERY careful w/ the FICM connectors!
To command the IPR valve - you can use an old ipr connector from an old harness wired to a cig. lighter plug and only[/] keep it plugged in for 30 seconds not to damage the IPR. Try asking a tech at your local ford dealer, maybe one will be nice enough to snip one off a harness thats laying around. Red wire switched power Pin A B+; Yellow /red switched ground Pin B-.
You should use an M12x1.5 to a #4JIC fitting for the air to the ICP port.
As stated, a spare IPR connector (Ford part # 6E7Z-12A690-DA) can be obtained from the dealership (new or hopefully used) - and MAYBE a salvage yard.
Remove the oil fill cap, remove the CCV hose that goes into the air intake from the other valve cover, take a piece of heater hose and listen in BOTH spots after applying shop air to the ICP fitting. It will take a minute to push the oil out of the oil rail before you are able to hear the air flow (note the air will flow because the IPR valve is still open). As soon as you hear the air flow, command the IPR valve to close (again - ONLY for 30 seconds). If you hear air coming from either one of the spots you are listening to, then it's probably a leak in one of the oil rails. If you hear air coming from BOTH sides it's probably the HPOP or STC fitting. Note - when the IPR is commanded closed, you should here a slight "POP" or "CLICK" sound.
Also:
If IPR is at 80% while at hot idle, then you have high pressure oil leak, failed pump or a bad ipr valve.
IPR should be around 22-24% at hot idle; up to maybe 30% but that maybe a little too high.
There is a hole that is situated just above the HPOP drive gear. If air is heard/felt exiting this hole when air testing, this is normal if IPR duty cycle is not commanded to 100% because that is the exhaust passage. The way to condemn a high pressure oil pump is to air test it with the turbo oil supply tube removed from the top of the oil cooler base. If air is heard/felt from this port during air testing, the high pressure oil pump is bad. Air heard from the oil filter housing (filter removed) is also a way to condemn an HPOP!
Thread Starter
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Fleet Owner
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Here are a couple of links to some Ford diagnostic sheets:
http://www.fordtechservice.dealercon...esel_sheet.pdf
http://www.fordtechservice.dealercon...iagnostic2.pdf
http://www.fordtechservice.dealercon...ance_Sheet.pdf
Chaffing pics (may be repeats, but they are different addresses):
Use these photographs in conjunction with SSM 17522 for identifying and locating potential wiring chafe locations
http://www.fordtechservice.dealercon...05ChafeEye.asp
http://www.fordtechservice.dealercon...esel_sheet.pdf
http://www.fordtechservice.dealercon...iagnostic2.pdf
http://www.fordtechservice.dealercon...ance_Sheet.pdf
Chaffing pics (may be repeats, but they are different addresses):
Use these photographs in conjunction with SSM 17522 for identifying and locating potential wiring chafe locations
http://www.fordtechservice.dealercon...05ChafeEye.asp
Tuned
Joined: Sep 2011
Posts: 414
Likes: 2
From: Cottonwood, AZ
International Low ICP Diagnostics
Here's a very good and complete test procedure for LOW ICP (no start) by International. Thought it should be added to this post. May be good to edit the link into the first post Bismic.
very good step by step instructions on pressure checking the HPO system and figuring out what the problem is:
http://www.nosun.ca/wingnut/051207.PDF
very good step by step instructions on pressure checking the HPO system and figuring out what the problem is:
http://www.nosun.ca/wingnut/051207.PDF
Thread Starter
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Fleet Owner
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Here is a link to an interesting no-start ............ related to a bad HPOP.
Symptoms - starting fine when parking "nose down". Hard or no-start when parking flat or "nose up". The most likely issue is the HPOP sump draining while the truck is parked.
Thanks Piolet and cheezit!
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/1...deo-added.html
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/9...-included.html
Quite Rare:
You have either
1. a crack in the block under the oil cooler (Cheezit has never seen or heard of it happening)
2. a failed o-ring at the pump side feed circuit (o-ring from pump to block) or
3. a failed high pressure pump allowing fluid to leak past it while its not running.
To diag the above is easy. Remove the oil cooler and the hpp cover. From there you will clean the hpp resivor out with a lint free rag and fill the sump with diesel fuel (flows much better then oil) and see if you can find the leak. If not take a time measurement of how fast it will drain, and then remove the pump and plug the pump feed port with a rubber plug. Once the port is plugged, refill the sump and see if it still leaks out. If the leak is gone, then you have a failed pump. Also, to test the o-ring, is visual test. If its ripped, then it is bad, if its undamaged, then it is good. My money goes to the failed hpop.
Symptoms - starting fine when parking "nose down". Hard or no-start when parking flat or "nose up". The most likely issue is the HPOP sump draining while the truck is parked.
Thanks Piolet and cheezit!
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/1...deo-added.html
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/9...-included.html
Quite Rare:
You have either
1. a crack in the block under the oil cooler (Cheezit has never seen or heard of it happening)
2. a failed o-ring at the pump side feed circuit (o-ring from pump to block) or
3. a failed high pressure pump allowing fluid to leak past it while its not running.
To diag the above is easy. Remove the oil cooler and the hpp cover. From there you will clean the hpp resivor out with a lint free rag and fill the sump with diesel fuel (flows much better then oil) and see if you can find the leak. If not take a time measurement of how fast it will drain, and then remove the pump and plug the pump feed port with a rubber plug. Once the port is plugged, refill the sump and see if it still leaks out. If the leak is gone, then you have a failed pump. Also, to test the o-ring, is visual test. If its ripped, then it is bad, if its undamaged, then it is good. My money goes to the failed hpop.