mpg question
I drive my 9100 lb flatbed at 70 MPH.
I am happy recording anything above 10 mpg.
You can lower the tailgate to improve highway mpg, but do NOT remove the tailgate. The tailgate on my company F150 was recently stolen. Highway mpg dropped from 13.8 down to 12.4. Put a new tailgate on after 7 weeks without and am back to mid-13s.
Milage for the PSD's will vary depending on gears, tranny, driving style, mods, and altitude. 17 mpg on the highway is not bad at all. Adding a chip can either increase or decrease your milage, depending on your right foot. A bed cover can increase milage by a little on the highway (different airflow than just lowering your tailgate). Fuel mods can also yield higher mileage, especially if you are sucking in more air in the fuel than you should. Last, good maintenance will also go a long way, such as regularly changing your fuel and air filters, and keeping tire pressure up.
My best highway mileage is 18.2 with my mods. I have not had a chance to test my highway mileage with my new fiberglass bed cover. But my city milage has jumped from 14.5 to 16.1 mpg with the addition of the bed cover and moving to Denver (I'm guessing altitude had something to do with it as well).
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I read summations of two recent university studies on pickup truck aerodynamics some months back - these were done in controlled condiditons in a windtunnel. That means, all the variables, from temperature to barometric pressure, could be accounted for - and other things, like tire size, design, and pressure, engine tuning, quality of fuel, road conditions, hills or lack of, cruise-control or not, and anything else could be eliminated from clouding the conclusions about AERODYNAMICS, not fuel mileage.
One was not very comprehensive and simply compared aerodynamic drag on a pickup truck with and without the tailgate - it debunked the myth that removing the tailgate reduced drag. I also read a newspaper article that referred to this study and extended it to lowering the tailgate - a claim the original study didn't discuss.
The second study was more comprehensive. It proved that length of the bed has a large influence on whether or not a change in tailgate has any effect. They found:
with an 8-foot bed
1) lowering the tailgate reduced aerodynamic drag a little over 10%.
2) a bed cover reduced drag by around 15%.
3) removing the tailgate INCREASED drag compared to tailgate up.
with a 6-foot bed
1) lowering the tailgate didn't reduce drag.
2) a bed cover was better, improving drag a little less than 10%.
3) removing the tailgate increased drag compared to tailgate up.
with a less-than-6-foot bed
1) lowering the tailgate or adding a bedcover did not significant affect drag.
2) removing the tailgate STILL increased drag.
The explanation about lowering the tailgate was NOT that it removed the "sail" effect of the tailgate sticking up in the upper airstream, but rather that the lowered tailgate maintained a slightly longer separation between the two airstreams - one flow over the truck and one under - and allowed them to mix more smoothly (with an 8-foot bed). Allowing the two airstreams to mix too soon and too abruptly apparently creates huge turbulence.
Lowering the tailgate apparently allows the tailgate to maintain the separation a bit longer - long enough to help if you have a long bed pickup - but is no help with shorter beds. Removing the tailgate may remove the "sail", but that apparently is unimportant compared to keeping the under/over airflow from mixing too abruptly.
Of course, your results may vary, since this was a very, VERY controlled study that didn't take into account anything but aerodynamics - and only aerodynamics of the model they used for the study (I think it was a late 90s Chevy, but I don't remember).
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As for driving with the tailgate down - I tried it and kept records (before deciding to spend all that money on a bed cover). I saw an average increase of 1.3 mpg by just keeping the tailgate down on the highway. Only about 7%, but it was definitely statistically significant. Oh, not just ONE tank, by the way. This was over several months and several relatively long trips - until I could spring for a bed cover.
Since going back to work full time after recovering from my knee surgery (full time is over 55 hours/week, right?
) I've had no time for highway trips. When I do (IF?), I'll record it and report my results. But it would have to be a sufficiently long trip to be meaningful. 50 miles, 100 miles, 200 miles - these are too short to get any kind of real picture.I also keep records on the company truck and it suffered GRIEVOUSLY from its missing tailgate.
EDIT PS - I suffer under no illusions that everyone will have the results I did. That is why the wind tunnel test is so important for explaining aerodynamics - it removes variables in truck design and everything else that could cause me to get a 7% improvement with tailgate down, while Joe Schmoe down the street could get a 7% reduction with tailgate down.
In other words - experiment - if you keep good records and find that your truck benefits from tailgate down, then do it. If you find that your truck does NOT benefit from it, then you know better.
And, if you keep good records, you'll also - unfortunately - discover that most mpg improvement claims are bunk.
Last edited by arninetyes; Jun 6, 2006 at 11:41 AM.
My mileage was great after the first few mods but recently, after my external fuel regulator and a change to Rotella Synthetic. The mileage dropped when not loaded. With a 9K lb. 5er I got 11 to 11.8 on highway and celebrated. But in town mileage dropped to 13 or so and highway about 17. Was getting 15-16 in town and 18-19 on highway. Not sure what happened???
My trucks: 2000 Lariat LE, 7.3 L, Crewcab , dually, 36 K miles on it, Super chip and a whole lot of cosmetic updates!

It must be available on the web, though I read it in a science journal. I'll find it somewhere...
Pocket - if you are getting an improvement with in-town mpg, I doubt you can credit the bed cover. Aerodynamics doesn't play much of a role until speeds get higher than typical city traffic. Something else? I'd LOVE to see an improvement to 16+ in town. If you find out what it was, please let us know.
1) lowering the tailgate reduced aerodynamic drag a little over 10%.
2) a bed cover reduced drag by around 15%.
3) removing the tailgate INCREASED drag compared to tailgate up.
with a 6-foot bed
1) lowering the tailgate didn't reduce drag.
2) a bed cover was better, improving drag a little less than 10%.
3) removing the tailgate increased drag compared to tailgate up.
with a less-than-6-foot bed
1) lowering the tailgate or adding a bedcover did not significant affect drag.
2) removing the tailgate STILL increased drag.
.
Myth Busters drove crew cabs, short bed and Fords (from what I was able to notice).
Each body style and model will have different results.
When lowering the gates might be advantage on vehicle A, could turn into disadvantage on vehicle B.
Aerodynamics is tricky science. Althought there are general rules and some mathematical formulas, the only proof is wind tunnel.








