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Most of it appears to be marketing hype. Until the '99's came out, Ford pickups were called "Heavy Duty". With the '99' came the term "Super Duty". Now another line is drawn between trucks rated up to one ton and those rated higher. Trucks one ton and under are referred to as "light duty", and trucks rated over one ton are "medium duty". There's apparently another line somewhere, where the truck graduates from "medium duty", and would become "heavy duty". "Heavy duty" in this sense is obviously another use of the term than in the original example. Confused? That's just how they want it.
I believe the F250's 1997 and earlier came in Light Duty or Heavy Duty configurations. Superduty used to refer to trucks above the F350 (I don't know which model past the F350 started being called a Super Duty). Since the inception of the current bodystyle, the F250 and F350's have been called Superduties. The former Light Duty F250 is now, in essence, the F150 with the GVWR 7700 package. All of the pickups F350 and below are considered to fall into the category of light duty trucks, not to be confused with the light duty, heavy duty, and super duty terminology used to deliniate F150-F350 pickups configurations.
Want more confusuion? There used to be F-100s, 250s and 350s, and Ford introduced the 150 to be a "heavy half ton". Eventually (1984?) the F-100 was phased out, but 250s still came in light and heavy variants. (I used to have an '85 F-150 that was heavier duty than most, some 250 components in the suspension, from the factory. I jokingly called it an F-175.) In the early '90s there were 150s, 250s, 350s, and then up into the big stuff, 450s, 550s, etc. On some commercial turcks, the badge just said "F-Super Duty" Then in '97 started the radical change in body style. 150s, and "light duty" 250s got the new look. "Heavy" 250s and 350s kept the old body for '97 and '98. Such F-250s had "F-250 Heavy Duty" on the badge. Then in '99 they became "Super Duties". In fact the 250SD and the 350 are the same truck now, just different ratings...check out some posts on that subject. The 150s could be thought of as the old F-100s, and the "light" 250s as the old 150s. And they're all still "light duty trucks" even the Super Duties.
Rezvani's Latest Post-Apocalyptic Monster Is a Ford F-150 Raptor Underneath
Slideshow: Called the Fortress, the 850-horsepower pickup combines Raptor underpinnings with military-inspired features, survival equipment, and a starting price of $285,000.