400 operating temp.
It needs to operate above 180 degrees. 190-200 would be great.
Depending on the oil you are running you could actually be increasing engine wear by running to cool. Oils have an "ideal operating temperature" that they are designed to provide maximum lubrication at. Full synthetics have a much wider range, but older conventional oils have a pretty narrow range.
What size electric fan are you running? It looks like that is your problem.
Are you running a timed vacuum port switch. These are designed to switch from timed port vacuum to full manifold vacuum when the engine temperature gets to high. It was designed to help cool the motor at idle.
also, read this thread, and change the stat to the correct type.
https://www.ford-trucks.com/forums/8...and-issue.html
Find an 18" fan from a 90's model Lincoln Mark VII with a 5.0 liter or go to Delta Current Control and get the 18" fan with controller from them... it is the same fan and it will fix your problem. I run a fan from a Lincoln with their controller and it works great..... Their controller is highly recommended.
The timed port vacuum switch will also help idle temps. On most 400s it threads into the water neck and has 3 vacuum lines running to it. 1 to the distributor, 1 to ported vacuum, & 1 to manifold vacuum. It changes to manifold vacuum if the engine gets too hot, which increased the advance and should lower engine temperature.
It does sound like your fan is too small. 12" is not even close to big enough. Most guys run dual 16" fans or a single 18" fan. You will need at least a 130 AMP alternator to run an 18" fan. Dual 16" (Ford Taurus fans from the 3.0 V-6) fans pull even more. the Delta Current Control unit will really help on the electrical side. Without the control you will have to run 30-40 amp relays and you will notice a serious voltage spike when those fans kick on.
The TPVS is your cheapest option, you might try it first...... but you really need a bigger fan.





