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I've had my '73 for 10+ years and it's always done this. I've even replaced the alt and regulator (for other reasons) and there was no change in the dimming. Never have problems with charging or voltage, just annoying to watch the headlights dim and hear the heater fan slow down at idle.
very common problem. the alternator only works after 900 rpm so if your idle is below that it will just be battery voltage being used.
Well, it works below 900 rpm, but it doesn't do much. And with a heavy load, you are right, it is using the battery, which is perfectly normal. You can help it out a little bit by raising the idle speed.
The alternator makes its juice by spinning an energized coil within another coil. No spinny, no juicy! If it's turning too slowly, it just won't create enough to be more than the battery is providing, so lights are dimmer than when the engine is revved. The regulator can only regulate a higher voltage downwards, not a low battery-only voltage upwards. If you made your alternator charge enough to keep your lights bright at idle, it might overcharge the battery when the lights are off. Mine does it too.
There are problems that can cause this to be worse than it should be. One diode in the alt can be blown, and it will still work, only not have as much output. Loose and corroded connections at the regulator and a poor ground to the regulator can also make it not work as well as it should.
It's hard to say since we are not there to compare it to what we normally see, but it will always do it a little bit.
Alternators have AMPERAGE curves. Usually more AMPs with more RPMS. More AMPs means brighter lights because more AMPs are available to draw upon while the VOLTAGE only goes up a bit.
At idle you might see 13.2v while at high idle 14.4v, while at idle AMPs might be 40 and high idle 110. So at high RPMs, your voltage will only increase maybe 9-10% while the AMPs increase over 2x.
FWIW: When installing a larger battery, you go by CCA, not just size.
I also have the same problem with my 72 390, but my lights are not only dimmer but they also flicker. Is this the alternator as well? It is an old alternator. The regulator is new, battery new. Checked resistance and it is good, so don't think ground is the issue. The brightness doesn't really bother me but the flickering makes me wonder. Any ideas?
I also have the same problem with my 72 390, but my lights are not only dimmer but they also flicker. Is this the alternator as well? It is an old alternator. The regulator is new, battery new. Checked resistance and it is good, so don't think ground is the issue. The brightness doesn't really bother me but the flickering makes me wonder. Any ideas?
A couple of guys on here have fixed the flickering problem by properly grounding the regulator. Just because it's bolted to the sheetmetal, don't assume it has a good ground. The battery cable - is usually bolted to the engine block, and the engine and tranny are mounted in rubber. Most of the time there should be a small ground wire going from the engine block to the firewall. And even if it's there, sometimes rust will give a problem where all the sheetmetal is bolted together. Try running a small ground wire right from the bolt that holds the regulator, to a clean place on the engine block and see if it helps it.