New member, first post. I've looked through several posts and think I'm on the right track, but I'm hoping for confirmation. 88 F350 with the 460.
I recently noticed some surging at idle that got progressively worse. The other day it nearly died as the idle dropped briefly. It has had a long standing issue where once it is hot, I have to crank it for several seconds before it will start. about a week ago, I drove it to work where it sat all day, and that evening it would crank all day without trying to start.
I have 40 psi at the fuel rail with the key on, but noticed that the pump never shuts off with the key on. I have fire at the plugs, and it will start on starting fluid. I assume the injectors are not pulsing, but I don't have a NOID light. I read where Subford said if the fuel pump won't come on with the ECM unplugged and the key on, that the ECM is bad.
So: Fuel at the rail, fire, starts with starting fluid, pump runs all the time with key on and does not come on with ECM unplugged. Likely my ECM? I hope so because I just ordered one and that bugger was expensive!

 

Bad computer based on your stated issue and test results.