When you click on links to various merchants on this site and make a purchase, this can result in this site earning a commission. Affiliate programs and affiliations include, but are not limited to, the eBay Partner Network.
How do we know it's "exactly" the same engine? I'm not doubting you, but I have no idea if compression is identical. The ignition timing curve may be different as well, that alone could account for that.
Yes they were in fact the same engine when they went to the 3v 5.4. The 91 octane recommendation carried over from the old 4v for no particular reason.
IMHO in modern engines is no metter, you can use 87 or 91, ECU use knocking sensor and change ignition time. On higher octane you can have better performance only when your ECU is tuned to this gasoline. I use 98 octane gasoline on my 2V 4,6 Expy. I use it because it's premium gas here ( cleaner and better for injection system ) but it nothing change compare to regular 95 octane fuel, car run the same.
the change of octane is felt in old carburetor engines where the ECU did not modify the engine operation.
but if you go to some tuner to change and tune up ECU map, you can use other octane than is in your car spec and your ECU will go better on this.