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I finally gave up and installed a low psi electric fuel pump near the tank. Helped a lot. Sounds like you've hit all the possible areas.
Oh yes I don't think we covered this. If fuel lines are rusty. That will let air into system.
Remember that if you add the electric pump that you need to remove the mechanical pump and put a blank cover on it. If you don't then you run a good chance of filling the crankcase with diesel fuel.
With an electric you can turn the key on and get air out without having to crank the motor, really speeds up the process and makes it a one man job. Also not as hard on batteries.