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The * is for degrees because most people don't know how to make the correct degree symbol °
When talking about like 8° BTDC, it means the diesel is injected into the cylinder when the crankshaft is 8° before it hits TDC (top dead center) of the cylinder, meaning just before the cylinder reaches the top of the compression stroke. Its not referencing a specific amount position that the pump is turned.
This Hennessey Takes the Expedition Tremor's Off-Roading Capability to the Next Level
Slideshow: The VelociRaptor Expedition gains a lift, upgraded suspension, Brembo brakes, and trail-ready equipment while retaining the stock 440-horsepower EcoBoost V6.
Rezvani's Latest Post-Apocalyptic Monster Is a Ford F-150 Raptor Underneath
Slideshow: Called the Fortress, the 850-horsepower pickup combines Raptor underpinnings with military-inspired features, survival equipment, and a starting price of $285,000.