When you click on links to various merchants on this site and make a purchase, this can result in this site earning a commission. Affiliate programs and affiliations include, but are not limited to, the eBay Partner Network.
the most accurate way is to take it off and send it to a trustworthy place, but that's hardly practical and entirely unnecessary in most cases.
loss of power, increased smoke, poor mileage, hard starts, inability to hold timing, high miles; all are symptoms/indicators of a failing pump. none of those symptoms are an absolute indicator of a failed pump, as there are other things can cause said symptoms. but a little diagnostics, like fuel pressure, timing check, function of glow plugs, etc help reach the conclusion that the ip is bad.
typically, these pumps have an expected service life of 100k miles...and they die slow, so its easy to keep running it well past its acceptable lifespan without even knowing theres an issue.
if you deem the pump to be failing, make sure you send the injectors out also.