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I got this code in my 92 5.8L Bronco. I tried numerous things to fix, the following is a list.
EEC Relays...Fixed for about a week.
O2 Sensor...No Change.
Trans Check out at shop...No Change.
Ignition Switch...No Change.
Went to electrical shop for a week...No Change.
Replaced Negative Battery Cable with OEM Ford...FIXED AT LASt.
Frequently, a poor electrical connection will cause intermittant computer codes and other problems. The biggest problem I have seen is when the cables get corroded inside without really showing on the outside, causing excessive resistance.
Code 512 is Keep Alive Voltage Missing. What this did was make the truck run like I was starting out in 4th gear, had no power, check engine light ON, I could manually pull it down to low and it would hit 2nd gear, not good on the tranny though. The worst part is that it was intermittant, sometimes 2 days between episodes, sometimes every time I started it. Just thought I would post something for the next guy that might search that code number, I know I am not the first person to have this happen.
I have been dealing with the same issue for awhile now. Replaced alot of sensors and even replaced battery with new positive cable. Negative cable looked decent so I left it. I'm going to replace it and see what happens. Thanks for the info