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White smoke - water or unburned fuel. Check glow plugs/glow plug relay if fuel suspected.
Blue smoke - oil. Worn valve guides, bad injector o-rings, etc.
Sounds more and more like a glow plug problem. If you have one or two bad glow plugs, it will blow white smoke since the fuel won't ignite until the cylinder warms up a bit. Was this by chance accompanied by a rough idle when you start it cold?
You can check each one individually with an ohmmeter, but I'm not real sure what a normal reading is. Maybe someone else who has that info will chime in here..... (please)
use a test light for a quick check-
Connect the ground clip to a positive battery terminal.
Now unplug the wire from the glow plug.
Touch the test light to the end of the glow plug, one of three things will happen- If light does not come on, the glow plug is burned "open"
If light comes on brightly, the glow plug has a direct short to ground. Touch the test light to a good ground and observe the intensity of the light. If it's the same as the plug then the plug is probably shorted to ground.
If light comes on but not really bright that is probably a good glow plug.
You can test more accurately with an ohmmeter but without getting into electrical theory the test light should help you isolate the problem.
Also you can put the test light on the wire going to the plug. Turn the key on and you should have a light when the glow plug should be on.
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