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I think that would be pretty rare unless someone swaped it in. Most C-6 trannys from what I understand were available behind big block engines, the C-4's were for the small blocks.
When I first got my truck I was told all 302's were C4. It turns out mine is a C6 and it came that way from the factory. Since then I have run into several other people that have a factory C6 with a 302 also. I've been told that the small pattern C6 is hard to find, but I was also told I should have a C4, too.
Don't be fooled. The C6 with the same bell housing pattern came behind 300 inline sixes as well and there are plenty of those out there. I have one that came out of a van bolted to the 302 in my 83 ranger. You just have know what you are looking for. They are out there. I always wish though that I had a healthy C4 behind that 302 because of the power that C6 sucks off of the engine.
You can find the 2wd C6 behind 351W (5.8L) engines in F250's and F350's up to '94 and maybe up to '97 but I'm not sure on that. 302/351W use the same belhousing bolt pattern. The 351W came out around '69 but I'm not sure when they first used it in trucks. It was used up through '97 on F250's & F350's. C6 was a popular transmission in trucks from the '70's through the late '90's. C6's behind diesels, 460's, 429's, 390's, 400's and 351M's use different belhousing bolt patterns than the 302/351W.