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in the past i owned a e 350 the rear axle stuck out well past the rim behind the wheel cover , my new e 350 the rear axle is flush with the rim , did ford downgrade the rear axle on the new models ? what is the difference?
Your old axle was a full floating unit.
Your new van has a semi-floating axle.
The axleshaft on the full float unit bears no weight, It only serves to transmit power from the differential to the wheel hub. The wheel hub has large roller beaings that ride on a spindle that is part of the axle. The bearing are lubed by the gear oil that makes it's way through the axle tube. This eventually flushes out all the grease from assembly and repair.
On the semi-float axle, the axleshaft is bearing the full load. The axle shaft rides on a bearing at the end of the axle tube. This bearing is much smaller than the two on each end of a full float axle.
It only really matters to a great extent in extreme cases, like heavy towing and 4 wheeling.
I'm not sure why, but I've seen 350 models either way.
I'm sure it has to do with weight rating, engine option.