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It's late so this might not be the best explanation but I'll try
The transfer case is what sends the power from the engine to the front end when you have it in 4X4. When you are in 4X2 the power from the engine goes straight through the transfer case as if it wasnt there. When you engage 4X4 the transfer case "splits" the power output and sends it to both the front and rear driveshaft through gears and chain.
I'm not sure of the Ford recommended service schedule but where I work we recommend every 50,000 kms (30,000 miles) for changing the oil. It's not a big deal to change it. Pull the drain plug and let it drain. Refill it through the fill plug with approx 3qts of Mercon oil.
When the driver selects 2H, the (A) reduction hub is in the forward position and puts the transfer case into direct drive. The (B) input shaft and (C) rear output shaft are locked together. The (D) 4-wheel drive lockup hub is in the forward position disengaging the front driveline.
In 4-wheel drive — high range (4H), the (A) 4-wheel drive lockup hub moves rearward and locks the (B) chain sprocket and (C) chain to the (D) rear output shaft. Both the (D) rear output shaft and (E) front output shaft are being driven in high range. The (F) reduction hub is in the forward position.
Ya know I consider myself a pretty intelligent guy, and I even know what a transfer case does, how it does it and why. But those darn pictures were confusing the heck out me. Just made me laugh.
Rezvani's Latest Post-Apocalytic Monster Is a Ford F-150 Raptor Underneath
Slideshow: Called the Fortress, the 850-horsepower pickup combines Raptor underpinnings with military-inspired features, survival equipment, and a starting price of $285,000.