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it lets the computer know what position the throttle plate is,so it can make necessary adjustments. typically a hesitation or flat spot is felt when you push on the gas pedal.hope this helps.
"The TP sensor is mounted on the throttle body. As the TP sensor is rotated by the throttle shaft, four operating conditions are determined by the PCM from the TP. Those conditions are closed throttle (includes idle or deceleration), part throttle (includes cruise or moderate acceleration), wide open throttle (includes maximum acceleration or de-choke on crank), and throttle angle rate."
As you can probably guess based on the above, a bad TPS can show a whole bunch of symptons.....one of the more common I've read about is a wandering idle.
There is also a test procedure in these threads somewhere. As I recall you should have 5volts input KOEO. At idle, the output should be less than 1 volt and at full throttle around 4.5 volts. The voltage should also increase smoothly and evenly as you work the throttle from idle to wide open - again KOEO. If the output voltage is outside of these ranges, the TPS is suspect.
I have a 94 XLT, 2.3 4Cyl. When my TPS went bad, my idle was no longer an idle. When I started the motor, the throttle ran wide open. Back then I was really poor and not very well educated with all the electronic crap, it took me almost 3 months to get it fixed...Driving down the road I would have to ride the brake just so that I would be running 90Mph. on occasion the idle would wander (slower then usual idle) and occasionally stall. Syptoms for me was just the wide open throttle, spent $14 at Western Auto and it only took less then an hour and it was fixed!