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my 2004 6.0 has lost some power and the head gasket is leaking into the coolant. How long can i continue to drive the truck before too much damage is done to the engine?
I depends on what kind of failure you have. I ran 4-5 days and 1500 miles on mine because I was on the road and had a schedule I had to keep. I didn't have any contamination and was only losing about half of the coolant in my degas bottle every other fill up. Monitored my temps close and babied it and I didn't have any other damage. Heads were fine, no overheating, just a HG repair.
It's common for shop to diag all manner af 6.0 issues as being headgaskets. Of course with your coolant loss they may very well have failed also but, oil in the coolant is a failed oil cooler. It's very possible (and common) that you need both the oil and EGR coolers, much less work and expense than headgaskets.
Lots of options for an oil leak up top, oil pressure sending unit, cracked oil cooler cover or just a leaking seal. All of that is coming apart during repairs anyway.
I'd pull the EGR valve and look for coolant in the intake manifold that would indicate the EGR cooler is leaking.