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I have a 1991 Ford F150 4x4 and it has a 302 fuel injected motor with about 164,000 miles on it. However, on the truck, from the drivers side valve cover i have a breather hose and it puffs out nothing but white smoke. I have been told i may have a blown head gasket or a possible cracked head, but i am wondering if this is true if i should replace the head gaskets or just put another motor in it.
Easiest thing to do would be to get in there and pull the head and see......Well, scratch that....easiest thing to do first would be to do a compression test. Check all your cylinders.....where you're getting the least compression will tell you where the problem is....then you can go ahead and pull the head. I had a 1987 302 that did the same thing, and I too thought it was a blown head gasket, since the truck also ran kinda rough too. Did a comp test and all cylinders scored in the 150's except for good 'ol number 4 (back drivers side)......it had 000. Turns out I had blown a hole the size of my thumb in the top of the piston.
If its a head gasket, its cheaper to just get new ones and replace 'em. Get the heads checked for warpage while you're there too. If you've got a bad piston, depending on the condition of the cylinder its in, it might be easier to just get a new motor. It was for me.
It might also be a lot of blow-by. If the compression psi between cylinders is within 10-15 psi of each other, but really low, than you probably have pretty worn rings and a lot of blow-by.
I know people are going to be upset with this... lol
I have a 5.8 with a problem like this. I am taking the cheap way out to get me by for a while and it has worked VERY well so far.
K&W block seal has worked great. Stopped my water usage, over heating, and everything. The truck runs so much more stable at this point. Water temp goes right up to temp and stays there. No more running hot... AC doesnt even make the truck run any warmer. The stuff has been reported to solve all kinds of block leaks and head gasket leaks.... Might be worth checking it out if you want to put off the work for a bit.