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My "03" F250 has been having trouble with hard starts & overfueling when I first start up. Starting cold seems to be worse. Now the truck is stock with 60k on it. I previously had a chip in, but since roaching the trans & returned to stock & had the dealer check everything out. I've had this problem a couple times & the dealer said they recalibrated my ECM to fix it. IT"S HAPPENING AGAIN & I'M tired of taking it back to them.
If the engine is hard to start, it means that you are cranking for a longer period of time than usual. This tends to load the cylinders with fuel, then when the engines does eventually start, the collection of unburnt fuel is then starts to burn incompletly, causing black smoke when the engine does start. After the unburnt fuel has been blown out of the cylinders, the exhaust then clears up. Normally when starting an engine, gasoline or diesel, the fuel system "over-fuels" slightly for a quick start.
As for hard starting, there could be several reasons, IL gets pretty cold, could but running an oil that is too viscous, slow cranking speed, faulty glow plugs, not waiting for glow plugs to cycle, the injector fuel nozzles are particialy stopped up (this could also cause the smoking) etc.
When you had the chip installed, and you had your foot planted on the floorboard most of the time, you could have caused undue wear on the fuel injectors, causing reduced breaking pressures of the nozzles.
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