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In addition to the advice in the previous posts, the 4180 has 4 adjustment screws (2 for the front barrels and 2 for the rear) - this is assuming that the carburetor IS NOT a feedback (computer controlled) version (don't know if they even made any). Fuel level in the bowls is important as well - it must be correct as well as the basic condition of the carb. Vacuum leaks are killers, whether they be in the carb or manifold or interconnecting hoses. What I did for the one I was playing with was to set the front two screws to 1 and 1/2 turns out and use the rear two for final idle mixture adjustment (cause I couldn't reach the front two after it was installed). Averaged 14 MPG with this method on a 302 with some "hot" parts.
More detail as to your situation would be helpful - but I hope this helps
All this advise sounds good. I am working with one now and had same problems until I set the bowl levels correctly and tightened a few screws (vacuum leaks)
Now it seems to be OK and now I have aquired another one which went on today.
Dave