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There's a way to tell from the casting numbers, but there's no guarantee since the blocks and all other visible parts are interchangable. casting numbers for the 300 will be a letter, a number, and then the letters TE I.E. - C5TE (that'd be a 1965 300-6) the 240 number wil be a letter, a number, then AE (C5AE would be a 1965 240). This works if you know the motor hasn't had internals swapped and if you can be sure that on the particular day the motor was assembeled the line wasn't running short of parts for one or the other and had a 300 destined block thrown on the 240 line, or a 240 destined intake thrown onto the 300 line, etc. Trust me, it's faster, easier, and more sure to check the stroke.
A 240 head on a 300 would not go un-noticed -- it would refuse to run with nasty pinging whenever anything other than premium gas was put in it.
Do the stroke measurement. If you feel comfortable that you didn't let the wire slip around on the piston head, and you get numbers that seem clear, then you have your answer. Me, I'd check the head casting too. Pulling the oil pan is a bit overkill, I admitt.
Thanks. it doesnt ping but it does like to diesel when I shut it off, if I dont put premium in it. im gonna check the castings and maybe measure the stroke this weekend when I put headers and a 2 barrel on it. I will be sure to let everyone know how that goes and what the results are like. I cant wait.
If you are putting headers and a carb on it this weekend I would pull the plugs and clean gap or replace them. While you are at it .... measure the stroke
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