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I’m swapping stock speakers with jbl clubman 300watt speakers and wondering if I should be running an amp or not or will my aftermarket deck supply enough power. 1996 crew cab f350
Likely most aftermarket head units are only like 25w/channel(they will say "100 watt" radio, but that is 4 channels/speakers so 25w/channel), so a 300w speaker will handle it fine. The fact you could put an amp in line is up to you depending on how loud you want it to be.
Aftermarket decks are capped at like 17 rms with a 50 watt peak per channel. You said you are swapping to jbl club speakers? They are 3 ohms, most head units are only rated for 4 ohms, It will damage the head unit. The club 6.5 speakers i pulled up have a 60watt rms with a 180 peak. Are these them? Ignore peak ratings, they are pretty useless. Depending on how loud you listen to music, head units might or might not be enough to power the speakers that are a higher sensitivity. These 3 ohm speakers are advertised to be 4 ohm when hooked up to the factory wiring harness, but I have never tested a car wiring harness that adds 1 ohm of resistance. I think the most I have seen in one of my builds was like .15 ohms.
Basically, you can hook it up, and go with it, and if you fry your head unit, then you have to build up a proper set up from there.
Bare bones set up would be a cheap amp that runs 4x60 rms per channel at 4 ohm, that is rated to 2 ohm (will probably put out around 100 per channel at 2 ohm). Then at 3 ohm it will put out around 70 ish rms. Then you have a little head room to dial in your amp gains.