Check out the forums at what may be the birthplace of car PCs...
MP3Car.com - Your source for mobile computing solutions! - All Blog Entries someone there may have done it already.
Most off-the-shelf data acquisition devices (USB, ISA, PCI, PC/104) are intended for laboratory use and need some kind of signal conditioning and maybe isolation to survive the real world. I should give some thought to this, since I happen to have a stash of Labjack U12 USB boards left over from a project that didn't work out. And a larger stash of IOWarrior chips; they only have digital inputs, but maybe there's support for counters or something...
On the other hand, using a single microcontroller to do the acquisition and write to an alphanumeric LCD display is attractive too... it could have an isolated serial interface to allow a computer to get the data.